英语高考独立主格及with复合结构.docVIP

独立主格及 with的复合结构 【考点概述】 非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语应和主句的主语保持一致。但是有时非谓语动词带有自己的逻辑主语，在句中作状语, 用来表示行为方式、伴随情况或者时间、原因和条件等。这种结构我们称之为独立主格结构。 独立主格结构的特点是：（1）独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在。（2）名词或者代词与后面的分词、形容词、副词、介词短语等是逻辑上的主谓关系。（3）独立主格结构后一般有逗号。 with 的复合结构是独立主格的一种特殊形式,是高考必考 的考点。 【高考真题收集】 1.(07,重庆卷)The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons ____ for the day. A. finishing B. finished C. had finished D. went finished 2.(07,山东卷)The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecrafts, the most recent _______ at the end of last March. A. has been launched B. having been launched C. being launched D. to be launched 3.(05,湖南卷)I send you 100 dollars today, the rest _______ in a year. A. follows B. followed C. to follow D. being followed 4. 4. ( 05 ,北京卷) I couldn’t do my homework with all that noise ________ . A. going on B. goes on C. went to D. to go on 5. (09 全国卷Ⅰ,35) Now that we’ve discussed our problem, are people happy with the decisions __________ ? A. taking B. take C. taken D. to take 6. (06 陕西卷) With no one to ________ in such a frightening situation, she felt very helpless. A. turn to B. turn on C. turn off D. turn over 【考点扫描】 考点一：独立主格结构的形式 独立主格结构常见的构成形式有： 1.名词或代词 + 现在分词 如：Time (Weather) permitting, we shall have a picnic this weekend. Aluminium being very soft, we can press it easily into any shape desired. The decision having been made, the next problem was how to make a good plan. 2.名词或代词 + 过去分词 如： The experiment done, the students went on to take notes in the experiment report. The job finished, we went home straight away. The sum added, we’ll have enough money for the trip. 注意：用现在分词还是过去分词，要看前面的名词或代词与后面动词的关系。如果是主谓关系，即名词或代词作动词的逻辑主语，就用现在分词；若是动宾关系，即名词或代词是动词的逻辑宾语，则用过去分词。 3.名词或代词 + 形容词 如：He entered the room, his nose red with cold. He sat in the front row, his mouth half open. The largest collection ever found in England was one of about 200,000 silver penni