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Internal logic viewed from observation space Theory and a case study.pdf
BioSystems 90 (2007) 273–286
Internal logic viewed from observation space: Theory and a case study
Motohiko Hatakeyamaa,?, Ichiro Tsudab
a Department of Mathematics, Graduate School of Science, Hokkaido University, N 10 W 8, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0810, Japan
b Research Institute for Electronic Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
Received 24 February 2006; received in revised form 11 September 2006; accepted 12 September 2006
Abstract
We propose a framework of neurocognitive experiments that clari?es structures of descriptions for the observed data. This framework can be used to determine the limitation of their possible interpretations and to reveal tacit assumptions of the experiments. We apply the framework to some actual neurocognitive experiment whose aim was to clarify internal inference processes of animals, and we also examine possible processes which the observer can describe in this framework. We show that our framework predicts the existence of unidenti?ed types of neurons, thereby the framework can be used to propose new types of experiments. ? 2007 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords: Observation space; Interpretation; Discrimination; Multi-dimensional task; Partition lattice; Deductive process
1. Introduction
The scienti?c method consists of a process of repeated observation, induction, deduction and veri?cation (see Fig. 1). In this process, one observes objects or phenomena using a certain tool (a) and then attempts through inductive manner to construct a theory that can account for the experimental data (b). Next, predictions regarding other behavior are derived from the theory using deductive methods (c), and the theory is veri?ed or refuted by comparing these predictions with the experimental data (d). The present study is motivated by the observation that this conventional scienti?c method has been applied to cognitive-neural systems by tacit agreement, although it has apparently been realized that there is a dif?
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