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Development of the contact layer and its role in the phase change process.pdf

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Development of the contact layer and its role in the phase change process.pdf

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 93 (2016) 1082–1088 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer journal homepage: /locate/ijhmt Development of the contact layer and its role in the phase change process B. Weigand a, Z. Lipnicki b,? a Institut für Thermodynamik der Luft- und Raumfahrt, Universit?t Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 31, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany b Institute of Environmental Engineering, University of Zielona Góra, 65-516 Zielona Góra, Poland article info Article history: Received 26 May 2015 Received in revised form 28 October 2015 Accepted 28 October 2015 Available online 21 November 2015 Keywords: Phase change Solid layer Contact layer Solidi?cation abstract The paper presents a simpli?ed theoretical analysis of liquid solidi?cation on cold ?at and cylindrical walls with special emphasis on the role of the contact layer that forms on them. The theory is based on analytical calculations adapted from the kinetic theory of gases. The results show the dependence of the thickness of the contact layer on the thickness of the solidi?ed layer. In addition, the in?uence of the contact layer on the solidi?cation process has been shown. The development of the thickness of the solidi?ed layer and the in?uence of the contact layer has been determined for selected liquid and solidi?cation parameters. ó 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 1. Introduction In heat transfer processes the contact layer, located at the interface of objects between which heat is transferred, is of importance. The contact layer plays a particularly important role during phase change processes in different materials. In this case, the contact layer is formed between the cold wall and the solidifying liquid. Problems of heat resistance in contact layers during phase change processes have been analysed by several researchers [1–13]. On basis of the existing analysis of the problem, it is possible to conclude that our knowledge of this