名词性从句宾和表.pptVIP

一、基础点拨 （一）名词性从句 1.定义：在主从复合句中，相当于名词的从句称之为名词性从句。名词性从句在句中的功能相当于名词。它包含主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句及同位语从句。 2.名词性从句的关联词及其在句中的功能。 （二）宾语从句 1.定义：在主从复合句中充当宾语的从句，其作用相当于一个名词。它可以作及物动词的宾语，也可以作介词的宾语。 We have decided that we would go there by bus. People in Chongqing are proud of what they have achieved in the past ten years. 1.由连接代词that引导的宾语从句，that在从句中不担当任何成分，在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去。 He said (that) there would be a meeting that afternoon. Whether/if 引导的宾语从句，在从句中不充当任何成分，但是有“是否”之意，从句要用陈述语序。 I don’t know whether/if he is ill. 3.连接代词及连接副词引导的宾语从句相当于特殊疑问句，连接词都在从句中担当一定的成分。从句语序要用陈述语序。 I don’t know what I should do next. I don’t know where we should start. 注意：wh-ever 与 no matter wh-易错点拨 （1）whatever/whoever/whichever等既可以引导名词性从句，也可以引导让步状语从句。 （2）no matter what/no matter who/no matter which等只用于引导让步状语从句。 （3）两种形式在引导让步状语从句时可互换。 若主句的主语为第一人称，谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语前，从句谓语用肯定形式。反义疑问句的主语和谓语动词均应和宾语从句的主语和谓语保持一致。 I don’t think this dress fits you well. 我认为这裙子不是很适合你的身材。 I don’t think he will come here on time, will he? 难点五: whether与if 都可引导宾语从句，常可以互换。但在以下几种情况下只用 whether。 1.后面直接跟or not时 we don’t know whether or not she was ready. 2. 在介词后 I’ m interested in whether you’ve finished the work. 3.主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中，只能用whether 4 .whether后面可与不定式连用 I have not decided whether to go or not. 5.在discuss后 The committee are discussing whether he can join the Party. 6.动词doubt用于肯定句式，其宾语从句用 whether。但用于否定句式或疑问句时，接 that从句。 I doubt very much whether he is coming We don’t doubt that he can do a good job of it. 7.如果宾语从句为否定句时，则只用 if不用whether. I don’t know if it won’t rain tomorrow. 我不知道明天是不是会下雨。 难点六:虚拟语气的问题 在demand, order, suggest, insist, propose, advise, desire等表示要求、命令、建议、坚持等意义的动词后，that宾语从句中谓语动词常用“(should+)动词原形”，表示虚拟语气。 The policeman demanded that the gate (should) be shut. 难点七：几类it 作形式宾语的句型 （1）主语+think/consider/find/feel/make +it +adj./n.+ that-从句 I really find it a pity that you didn’t come to the party. He found it hard that he was buried in the studies. (