高中英语语法总结大全之动词的时态_语态.docVIP

动词的时态、语态 一般现在时的用法 1) 经常性或习性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。 时间状语： every…, sometimes, at…, on Sunday I leave home for school at 7 every morning. 2) 客观真理，客观存在，科学事实。 The earth moves around the sun. Shanghai lies in the east of China. 3) 表示格言或警句中。 Pride goes before a fall. 骄者必败。 注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。 例：Columbus proved that the earth is round.. 4) 现在时刻的状态、能力、性格、个性。 Ann writes good English but does not speak well. 比较：Now I put the sugar in the cup. I am doing my homework now. 5)在连词when, while, if, unless, as soon as 等引导的时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，用一般现在时态代替将来时。 Unless some extra money is found, the theatre will close. 现在完成时 现在完成时用来表示动作或状态发生在过去但它的影响现在还存在；也可表示持续到现在的动作或状态。其构成： have (has) +过去分词。 Ann has worked for a long time to realize his dream and now he is popular. 比较过去时与现在完成时 1）过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。 2）过去时常与具体的时间状语连用，而现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。 一般过去时的时间状语: yesterday, last week，…ago, in1980, in October, just now, 具体的时间状语 共同的时间状语: this morning, tonight,this April, now, once，before, already, recently，lately 现在完成时的时间状语 for, since, so far, ever, never, just, yet,till / until, up to now, in past years, always, 用于现在完成时的句型 1）It is the first / second time…. that…结构中的从句部分，用现在完成时。“这是第几次”后面的定语从句中。 It is the first time that I have visited the city. 2）This is the… that…结构，that 从句要用现在完成时.“最高级+名词”后面的定语从句中。 This is the best film that Ive (ever) seen. 这是我看过的最好的电影。 since的四种用法 1) since +过去一个时间点(如具体的年、月、日期、钟点、1980, last month, half past six)。 I have been here since 1989. 2) since +一段时间+ ago I have been here since five months ago. 3) since +从句 Great changes have taken place since you left. Considerable time has elapsed since we have been here. 4) It is +一段时间+ since从句 It is two years since I became a postgraduate student. 现在进行时 现在进行时的基本用法： a. 表示现在( 指说话人说话时) 正在发生的事情。 We are waiting for you. b. 习惯进行：表示长期的或重复性的动作，说话时动作未必正在进行。 Mr. Green is writing another novel. (说话时并未在写，只处于写作的状态。) She is learning piano under Mr. Smith. c. 表示瞬间动词有：get, g