医学论文中统计学表述分析报告.ppt

医学文献中统计学的应用 Proportion of papers in New England Journal of Medicine using certain statistical methods of analysis in 1978-79 and 1990 医学文献中统计学的应用 医学文献中统计学的应用 医学文献中统计学的应用 BMJ稿约 对统计学方面的要求占正文(text)内容约三分之一。(International Committee of Medical Journal Editors. Uniform requirements for manuscripts submitted to biomedical journals. BMJ 1991; 302: 338-41. ) Introduction, Methods, Ethics,  Statistics, Results, Discussion BMJ稿约－Statistics Statistics ━ Describe statistical methods with enough detail to enable a knowledgeable reader with access to the original data to verify the reported results. When possible quantify findings and present them with appropriate indicators of measurement error or uncertainty (such as confidence intervals). Avoid sole reliance on statistical hypothesis testing, such as the use of p values, which fails to convey important quantitative information. Discuss eligibility of experimental subjects. Give details about randomisation. BMJ稿约－Statistics Describe the methods for, and success of, any blinding of observations. Report treatment complications. Give numbers of observations. Report losses to observation (such as dropouts from a clinical trial). References for study design and statistical method should be to standard works (with pages stated) when possible rather than to papers in which the designs or methods were originally reported. Specify any general use computer programs used. BMJ稿约－Statistics Put general descriptions of methods in the methods section. When data are summarised in the results section specify the statistical methods used to analyse them. Restrict tables and figures to those needed to explain the argument of the paper and to assess its support. Use graphs as an alternative to tables with many entries; do not duplicate data in graphs and tables. Avoid non-technical uses of technical terms in statistics, such as random (which implies a randomising device), normal, significant, correlations, and sample. Define statistic