U1 Grammar 3.pptVIP

Get the hang of past participle use as attributive (定语), predicative (表语). 过去分词的语法功能： 过去分词在句中可以作 1.定语2.表语3.宾语补足语4.状语 一、过去分词作定语 1. 作定语用的过去分词如果是单词，一般放在被修饰词的前面。E.g.: There are many fallen leaves on the roof (屋顶) . The broken vase has been thrown outside. steamed roll retired workers escaped prisoners an unknown hero the exploited classes returned students 花卷 一位无名英雄 退休工人 被剥削阶级 逃犯 归国留学生 2. 过去分词短语作定语时，则放在被修饰词的后面。 E.g.: The play performed by the students was a great success. The novel written by him has sold out in a few days. 注意: 1. 不及物动词没有“被动语态”，所以, 不及物动词的过去分词没有被动的意义，只表示动作的完成. E.g.: boiled water （开水） fallen leaves （落叶） the risen sun (升起的太阳) spoken English (英语口语) iced beer (冰镇啤酒) fried chips (炸土豆条) cooked food (熟食) 2. 过去分词作定语时，1) 及物动词的过去分词可改为动词为被动形式的定语从句。 E.g.: time which is lost lost time 2)不及物动词的过去分词作定语时，可改为动词为完成式的定语从句。 a returned sailor A sailor who has returned 二、过去分词作表语 He was pleased at what I said. She looked very worried. *表语？ 过去分词作表语没有“完成”或“被动”之意，而是表示主语的状态、特点或思想感情等。 E.g.: 过去分词作表语用，相当于形容词，最常见的有； pleased, surprised, worried, excited, married, delighted, disappointed, interested, discouraged, drunk, tired, amused, astonished, limited, crowded, satisfied, puzzled, hurt, upset, bored, frightened, confused, exhausted, complicated, devoted, embarrassed, distinguished, 等。 过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别。分词作表语表示主语的状态，而被动语态则表示被动的动作。 My glasses are broken. 我的眼镜碎了。 My glasses were broken by my son.我的眼镜被我儿子摔碎了。 (状态) (动作) 注意： The door was closed by Tom. The door was closed. I was greatly surprised by a knock at the door. I was greatly surprised at the news. (状态) (动作) (动作) (状态) 练习一 单句改错 They were all amusing at what he said. He was very exciting to hear the news that their team had won. The situation was a bit discouraged. Two pages in this dictionary are missed. Your mother is quite worrying about your stare of health. 练习二 句型转换 A thief stole the goat that was tired to the tree.=A thief stole the goat ______ to the tree. tired dressed in red 2. The