培训课件-麻醉概述英文.pptVIP

ANESTHESIOLOGY Pei Xuxing Department of Anesthesiology Peoples Hospital of Henan Province Contents The history of anesthesiology The scope of anesthesiology Classification of Anesthesia Definition of Anesthesia Preparing for anesthesia The History of Anesthesiology Anesthetic practices date from ancient times The History of Anesthesiology Modern anesthesiology began in 1846 --- Ether was used as an anesthetic agent in humans. William T. G. Morton 1819-1868 The History of Anesthesiology Modern inhalation anesthetics were developed from 1950s to 1960s Intravenous anesthesia first began in 1872--- Use of choral hydrate. From then, many other intravenous agents were developed. Muscle relaxants resulted in evolution of anesthesiology---Curare 箭毒 was firstly used in 1942 The History of Anesthesiology The original of modern local anesthesia was credited to use of cocaine in 1884. Subarachnoid anesthesia --- 1898. Caudal epidural anesthesia--- 1901. lumbar epidural anesthesia --- 1921 The Scope of Anesthesiology 1.Clinical anesthesia 2.Pain management 3.First-aid and resuscitation 4.Intensive care * 术前给药 麻醉诱导 麻醉维持 呼吸管理 气管插管 控制呼吸 辅助呼吸 循环管理 麻醉深度 容量 血管活性药 苏醒 麻醉恢复 静脉诱导 全凭静脉麻醉 （TIVA） 拔管 术后疼痛管理 全身麻醉过程 吸入诱导 吸入麻醉 静吸 复合麻醉 Definition of Anesthesia Anesthesia is always defined by drug-induced changes in behavior or perception. The components of general anesthetic state include unconsciousness, amnesia 健忘 , analgesia 镇痛 , immobility, and attenuation of autonomic nervous system responses to noxious stimulation. Course of Anesthesia Anesthesia induction Anesthesia maintenance Anesthesia recovery Classification of Anesthesia General anesthesia Inhalation anesthesia Intravenous anesthesia Combined anesthesia Intravenous Venous-inhalation Intrathecal block- general anesthesia Local anesthesia Topical anesthesia Infiltration anesthesia Nerve block Nerve plexus block Intrathecal block: Subarachnoid block, epidural block and caudal block Monitoring During Anesthesia The Cardiov