初三英语复习讲义(BookIUnits15—19).docVIP

初三英语复习讲义（Book I Units15—19） 一、语法 Ⅰ、人称代词和物主代词 （一）人称代词有人称、数和格的变化，见下表： 数 人称 格 单数 复数 主格 I you he, she, it we you they 宾格 me you him, her, it us you them 人称代词在句中可作主语、宾语、表语. 1．主格在句中作主语，宾格在句中作宾语，如； She gave these books to you and me. 2．在作表语时用宾格较多，特别是在几倍中，如 Who is knocking at the door? ——It’s me. 3．当并列代词作主语时，I放在最后 You, he and I are going to spend the winter holidays in Beijing. (二)物主代词包括形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种，有人称和数的变化形式，见下表： 词义 类型 我的 你的 他（她,它）的 我们的 你们的 他们的 形容词性物主代词 my your his, her, its our your their 名词性物主代词 mine yours His, hers, its ours yours theirs 形容词性物主代词只能作定语修饰名词，如my watch, their names. 名词性物主代词在句中可单独使用，可作主语、宾语和表语，后面不再跟名词。如： 1．—Whose dictionary is this? —It’s mine.(作表语) 2．Our rooms are on the first floor and theirs are on the second. (作主语) 3．You may use mine, I’ll use hers. (动词宾语) He is a close friend of ours. (介词宾语) Ⅱ、祈使句 祈使句表示请求、命令、叮嘱、邀请、劝告等，又称无主句，其谓语动词用原形 1．肯定祈使句，用动词原形为开头，如：Be quiet, please! 2．否定祈使句以Don’t或never开头，如：Don’t say it again. Never leave today’s work for tomorrow. 3．Let’s go out for a walk. (表人数) =_________ _________ go out for a walk? =_________ _________ go out for a walk? =_________ _________ going out for a walk? 4．以助动词do开头的祈使句，do在动词原形之前用来加强语气，译作“务必”“一定”，如：Do come early, please. 5．祈使句的反意疑问句通常用Shall we或will you? Make it a little earlier, __________ __________? Let’s do it together, __________ __________? Let us read it again, __________ __________? 二、重点词组和句型 1．give sb. sth=give sth to sb 2．What’s the time? =_________ _________ _________ _________? =What time do you ________? =What’s the time ________you watch? 3．It’s five.=It’s five o’clock It’s seven ten=It’s ten past seven. It’s eight thirty=It’s half past eight. It’s nine forty-five=It’s a quarter to ten. It’s ten fifty.= It’s ten to eleven. 4．It’s time to do sth= It’s time for sth./for doing sth. 5．an old photo of my family 6．a guessing game 7．It has no eyes