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小口径锡青铜涨圈离心铸造工艺的研究 郭二军，厉彦斌 摘要：小口径ZQSn10-1合金小口径小口径 关键词：锡青铜；离心铸造；: TG24914；TG291The Study of Small Caliber Tin-bronze Ring for Centrifugal Casting Process Guo Erjun，li Yanbin（College of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin 150080, China） Abstract: Based on the structure size of the mall caliber tin-bronze ring, Vertical centrifugal casting process was used to produce this part. A series of parameters ,such as preheating temperature of mould, the rotational speed, pouring temperature and pouring speed were determined in this paper. The melting process of ZQSn10-1 alloys was made and the small caliber tin-bronze ring was produced. The microstructure and properties of the small caliber tin-bronze ring was researched by metallographic analysis and mechanical properties analysis technologies, the influence on the surface quality, microstructure and properties by filtration of alloy liquid and the water-cooling of the mould were studied. The results showed that the use of filter screen reduced the appearation of slag inclusions and stomatal in the surface of the casting; the microstructure of rings after water-cooling was refined greatly than the ones without , the hardness and tensile strength also increased obviously. Keywords：tin-bronze ；centrifugal casting ；water-cooling 引言: 金属弹性涨圈密封作为一种端面接触密封形式在某些飞机发动机油、气综合密封中得到广泛的应用涨圈的性能对现代飞机的发展有着重要的影响[1]。金属弹性涨圈的密封基本结构工作机理为涨圈依靠自身弹力而使其外圆紧贴在腔体的内壁，而在左右侧介质压力差的作用下涨圈贴向主轴上环槽的一侧从而形成密封，正常密封时在接触面处往往有一层薄的润滑膜存在，它具有结构简单，密封可靠等优点[2]目前国内外学者对涨圈旋转密封工艺做了一些研究，主要集中在涨圈密封结构[3]及涨圈材料方面。近年来，对涨圈材料越来越重视，相关报道主要集中在如何提高涨圈材料的耐磨性上，现在国内常用的是表面磷化处理铸铁涨圈，古乐[4]等人在涨圈表面刷镀合金元素，提高了涨圈的耐磨性。而对于有色金属，如锡青铜材料的研究则较少，ZQSn10-1锡青铜材料具有良好的导热性，铸造应力小，有较好的耐磨性，是一种很好的涨圈材料。但是由于材料本身凝固特性的原因，仍然很难消除其某些铸造缺陷如缩松、气孔。本文根据涨圈尺寸采用立式离心铸造工艺来生产锡青铜涨圈，通过对工艺的一系列改进，优化出最佳离心铸造工艺。 1 涨圈材料及熔铸过程 1.1涨圈材料 根据涨圈的使用性能要求，涨圈材料选择ZQSn10-1合金，其成分如表1所示。 表1 ZQSn10-1的化学成分，（质量百分数，%） 合金牌号 锡 磷 铜 ZQSn10-1 9-11.5 0.5-1.0 余量 1.2熔炼工艺 原材料和辅料都要进行除锈、去油、烘干处理，加入前预热至380℃。首先纯铜，升温至1200℃时，加入合金量的