分布式与云计算系统第4章1解读.pptVIP

Computer School, NUDT. Spring, 2013 * Top 10 Obstacles and Opportunities for Cloud Computing Courtesy of M. Ambrust, et al 2009 * Warehouse-Scale Computer WSC Provides Internet services Search, social networking, online maps, video sharing, online shopping, email, cloud computing, etc. Differences with HPC “clusters”: Clusters have higher performance processors and network Clusters emphasize thread-level parallelism, WSCs emphasize request-level parallelism Differences with datacenters: Datacenters consolidate different machines and software into one location Datacenters emphasize virtual machines and hardware heterogeneity in order to serve varied customers Courtesy of Hennessy and Patterson, 2012 * Design Considerations for WSC: Cost-performance Small savings add up Energy efficiency Affects power distribution and cooling Work per joule Dependability via redundancy Network I/O Interactive and batch processing workloads Ample computational parallelism is not important Most jobs are totally independent “Request-level parallelism” Operational costs count Power consumption is a primary constraint when designing system Scale and its opportunities and problems Can afford customized systems since WSC require volume purchase Courtesy of Hennessy and Patterson, 2012 * Larger Datacenter Growth One at a time: 1 system Racking networking: 14 hrs $1,330 Rack at a time: ~ 40 systems Install networking: .75 hrs $60 Container at a time: ~1,000 systems No packaging to remove No floor space required Power, network, cooling only Weatherproof easy to transport Datacenter construction takes 24+ months Both new build DC expansion require regulatory approval * * * * * * * * * * The University of Adelaide, School of Computer Science * Chapter 2 — Instructions: Language of the Computer * * The University of Adelaide, School of Computer Science * Chapter 2 — Instructions: Language of the Computer * * * * * Some IaaS Offerings from Public Clouds : * 图4-6 Amazon VPC 虚拟私