城市发展过程中能源与环境的矛与盾课件.ppt

Energy and environment in the context of urban development ABCDE Tokyo, may 2006 3 Key messages The use of aid is legitimate dealing with energy issues, even in emerging countries Rethinking and redesigning the long term urban planning process in order to reduce future energy demand is essential Donors have to support new modalities of intervention, especially new financial instruments 1. Aid legitimacy A. Understanding elements Paradox : Industrialised countries are the most important energy consumers. But most of energy savings to be done today are concentrated in emerging countries The need for energy efficiency incentives : Energy cost is the main incentive for energy efficiency What mechanisms to maintain energy efficiency efforts in a context of low energy prices ? 1. Aid legitimacy B. Main challenges Energy resources exhaustion as a geopolitical concern The increase of the energy bill as an economic concern Climate global warming as an environmental concern Energy efficiency is therefore a major thematic of sustainable development which comes to be a global concern. This calls on developed countries to react. 2. Implementation challenges 2. Implementation challenges Energy efficiency efforts in the three sectors : Industrial sector : efforts in this sector are the most easy to implement (easily quantified) Transportation sector : efforts mainly concern the development of technology innovation in less energy consuming materials Building sector : efforts can be made in two areas : the development of legal and regulatory frameworks in relation with the construction of new buildings rehabilitation in a sustainable perspective 2. Implementation challenges C. What is there to be done to help developing countries ? Urban development and energy consumption 3. The role of donors 3. The role of donors 3. The role of donors References Giraud P-N., Lefevre B., Les défis énergétiques de la croissance urbaine au Sud. Le couple ? Transport