Lecture1ShortTermandWorkingMemoryOutline.pptVIP

Lecture 1: Short Term and Working MemoryOutline History of the STS/LTS distinction Evidence for STS / LTS distinction Evidence for STS / LTS distinction Baddeley and Hitch’s model of Working Memory Background Dual Task Paradigms The Phonological Loop Phonological Similarity Effect Word Length Effect Word Length Effect Unattended Speech Effect Articulatory Suppression What is the phonological loop for? The visuospatial sketch-pad The visuospatial sketch-pad What is the sketchpad for? What is the sketchpad for? EMDR VSSP The Central Executive Evidence for the CE Evidence for the CE Problems for original WM model Problems for original WM model A Revised WM Model The Episodic Buffer Summary Items in the store are presumed to decay very quickly - unretrievable after 1 to 2 seconds. ACP can also take written material and converting it into a phonological code (e.g. READING!). Think of it like a kids train track arranged in a circle - you could have two really long trains going round it, or 5 smaller trains. * What is memory? The Short Term / Long Term distinction Baddeley’s model of Working Memory Evidence for Baddeley’s model The episodic buffer By the end of the lecture you should have learned: Why a distinction is made between short and long term memory Key experiments that provide evidence for the 3 original components of Baddeley’s model of Working Memory Why the original model was revised 1890 - William James draws distinction between primary and secondary memory. PRIMARY MEMORY The development of computers in the 1960s provided another analogy which split memory into two: CPU/RAM = STS, STORAGE = LTS Reward portion of present space of time Linked to conscious experience Retrieval is effortless SECONDARY MEMORY Genuine past Unconscious - permanent Retrieval is effortful Modal model of memory developed by Atkinson Shiffrin (1968) But what is the evidence for separate STS / LTS? Short Term Store Long Term Store Sensory Store Sensory Store Sensory Sto