nanotech takes on cancer_Unit_2.pptVIP

* Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) (para. 3)： MRI is a way of getting pictures of almost any part of your body at almost any particular angle without the use of x-rays. A MRI scanner consists of a large and very strong magnet in which the patient lies. A radio wave antenna is used to send signals to the body and then receive signals back which are converted into pictures by a computer attached to the scanner. * MRI How is iron oxide nanocrystals used in cancer detection? The Experiment : 特异性抗乳腺癌细胞的抗体 antibody that binds specifically to breast cancer cells 氧化铁抗体的联合体 iron oxide-antibody complexes 向小鼠尾部静脉注射 inject them into the tail vein of mice 大腿部已注入人类乳腺癌细胞 had human breast cancer cells implanted in their thighs * How is quantum dots used in cancer detection? What is the function of probes(探针)？ Adjusting the particles sizes creates probes that, when stimulated by light, emit distinct amounts of energy, or different colors of light. * Translation ? 调整颗粒的大小就形成了探针，当光束照射探针时，它就会放射出特定量的能量，或者是不同颜色的光。 Translation Targeting the different-size quantum dots to various types of cancer cells raises the possibility of “detecting multiple tumor cells / by using multiple colors labeled with different[cancer-seeking]antibodies.” 将大小不同的量子点靶向不同种类的癌细胞提高了“发现多种肿瘤细胞的可能性，这是通过使用代表不同（癌症搜寻）抗体的多种颜色来实现的”。 Until long-term toxicity studies of the nanoparticles are conducted, use of quantum-dot probes will be limited to animals and tissue samples. 在对纳米颗粒的长期毒性进行研究之前，量子点探针仅限于使用在动物及组织标本上。 * Two kinds of nanoparticles-iron oxide nanocrystals and quantum dots -have been used for cancer detection in tests on mice. Part Three (Paras. 3-8) Three kinds of nanoparticles-dendrimers（树枝状纳米球）, carbon nanotubes（纳米碳管） and liposomes（脂质体）-have been used in tests for cancer killing. Part 4 (Paras. 9-18) Battle plans 作战计划 1. dendrimers树枝状纳米球 How do dentrimers look like? Spherical polymer particles 球状聚合物颗粒 Less than 5nm in diameter 直径小于5纳米 Many branches 许多分枝 * 1. dendrimers树枝状