第十一章经济剖析.pptxVIP

Chapter 11The Income-ExpenditureModel Heading into the global recession in 2007, the Chinese economy was growing at the extraordinary rate of 11 percent per year.;Learning Objectives;Equilibrium Output;Equilibrium Output;Adjusting to Equilibrium Output;Consumer Spending and Income;Consumer Spending and Income;Changes in the Consumption Function;Changes in the Consumption Function;FALLING HOME PRICES, THE WEALTH EFFECT, AND DECREASED CONSUMER SPENDING APPLYING THE CONCEPTS #1: How do changes in the value of homes affect consumer spending?; FIGURE 11.6Equilibrium Output and the Consumption Function;Saving and Investment;Saving and Investment;Understanding the Multiplier;USING LONG-TERM MACRO DATA TO MEASURE MULTIPLIERS APPLYING THE CONCEPTS #2: What evidence does the long historical record provide about multipliers?;? FIGURE 11.9Government Spending, Taxes, and GDP;Fiscal Multipliers;Using Fiscal Multipliers;THE BROKEN WINDOW FALLACY AND KENSESIAN ECONOMICS APPLYING THE CONCEPTS #3: How does Keynesian Economics change our normal ideas of economic scarcity?;Understanding Automatic Stabilizers;Understanding Automatic Stabilizers;To modify our model to include the effects of world spending on exports and U.S. spending on imports, we need to take two steps:; FIGURE 11.12U.S. Equilibrium Output in an Open Economy;? FIGURE 11.13How Increases in Exports and Imports Affect U.S. GDP;THE LOCOMOTIVE EFFECT: HOW FOREIGN DEMAND AFFECTS A COUNTRY’S OUTPUT APPLYING THE CONCEPTS #4: How do countries benefit from growth in their trading partners?; FIGURE 11.14Deriving the Aggregate Demand Curve; FIGURE 11.15Shifts in Aggregate Demand ;autonomous consumption consumption function equilibrium output