托福预备 第一讲语法要点.ppt

The Old Cat old woman had cat. cat was very old; she could not run quickly, and she could not bite, because she was so old. One day the old cat saw mouse; she jumped and caught mouse. But she could not bite it; so the mouse got out of her mouth and ran away, because the cat could not bite it. Then the old woman became very angry because the cat had not killed the mouse. She began to hit the cat. The cat said, Do not hit your old servant. I have worked for you for many years, and I had caught lot of mice, but I am too old. Do not be unkind to the old, but remember what good work old did when they were young. 文章中第一次出现woman，用了“an” 文章第一次出现cat，用了“a” 文章第一次出现mouse，用了“a” the的特殊用法：the+形容词，表示“一类人” “a” 的固定短语：a lot of 表示“许多的”意思 文章第二次出现cat，用了“the” 文章第二次出现mouse，用了“the” An old woman had a cat. The cat was very old; she could not run quickly, and she could not bite, because she was so old. 代词 Pronoun 定义，分类与句法功能 代替名词，起名词作用。 1. 人称代词 有人称, 数和格的变化 我 我们 你/你们 他 她 它 他们/她们/它们 主格 I we you he she it they 宾格 me us you him her it them He often helps me with my English. a. His brother is a driver; mine is a worker. b. These books are mine. c. You can use my bike and I may use hers. 物主代词：形容词性物主代词 和名词性物主代词 我的 我们的 你的/你们的 他的 她的 它的 他们的/她们的/它们的 形容词性物主代词 my our your his her its their 名词性物主代词 mine ours yours his hers theirs 物主代词的用法: 1. our work, her students, their house 作定语 2. His brother is a driver; mine is a worker. These books are mine. You can use my bike and I may use hers. 作主, 表, 宾 1. He taught himself English. 宾语 反身代词 myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves 2. I myself did the work. 同位语, 加强名语气 eg:You had better ask Tom himself. 人称 单复数 主 格 宾 格 形容词性 物主代词 名词性 物主代词 反身代词 第一 人称 单 数 I me my mine myself 复 数 we us our ours ourselves 第二 人称 单 数 you you your yours yourself 复 数 you you your yours yourselves 第三 人称 单 数 he him his his himself she her her hers herself