路面激励下大客车平顺性虚拟仿真技术和评价体系的研究.pdfVIP

The study of virtual simulation technology and evaluation systerm of bus’smooth under pavement excitation A Dissertation Submitted for the Degree of Master Candidate：Chen Junjie Supervisor：Prof. Zhang Weifeng Chang’an University, Xi’an, China i 摘 要 随着我国公路客运的快速发展，目前有关改善客车行驶平顺性的研究越来越得到重 视。以客车平顺性仿真和舒适性评价为研究内容，开发出客车平顺性仿真与评价软件对 于客车平顺性研究具有重要的现实意义。 本文首先根据白噪声法和达朗贝尔原理，建立了B 级路面模型和大客车五自由度几 何模型，推导了整车振动微分方程理论解。其次，根据国标 GB/T 4970-2009，利用 Matlab/GUI 平台编制了可以计算国标要求的所有评价指标的汽车平顺性评价软件。在此 基础上，编制了大客车平顺性仿真软件，实现了五个自由度的加速度响应、自功率谱以 及后桥上方座椅位置处的加权加速度均方根值及等效均值的计算。再次，针对上述大客 车做了50km/h 和70km/h 车速下的平顺性道路试验。通过对比仿真和试验结果，验证了 仿真模型的正确性。最后，利用大客车仿真模型，从理论上分析了大客车座椅参数对舒 适性的影响，通过改变座椅参数来分析对大客车平顺性的影响，为大客车平顺性的技术 改进提供参考依据。 本文研究的意义在于大客车设计时，可以通过仿真技术和舒适性评价技术直接预估 新车型的舒适性效果，并且可以通过仿真参数修改，优化汽车平顺性性能。 关键词：平顺性，Matlab/GUI，仿真，舒适性评价，等效均值 ii Abstract With the highway passengers transportation development fastly,the people pay more attention on the vehicle running smoothness.At present,a lot of research about the smooth simulation have been taken seriously in domestic. Therefore，it is very important to improve vehicle running smoothness by write a smooth analysis and evaluation software which can improving the bus ’ smooth. In this paper,the model of pavement and the five degree of freedoms dynamic model of a bus was established on the basis of white noise method and the d’alembert’s principle and the theoretical results are deduced in this section. Secondly,the soomth evaluation software was writed by means of Matlab/GUI on the basis of GB/T4970-2009.All the evaluation index can be calculated by the software.Thirdly,we write the bus smooth simulation software which can display the accelerati