三聚氰胺对幼猫大鼠亚慢性和慢性毒性的研究.pdfVIP

摘 要 为佐证和评价三聚氰胺(melamine, MA) 的亚慢性和慢性毒性，对一只刚断乳的雌 性狸花猫幼猫以每千克饲料1000mg MA 的剂量进行了探针剂量试验；以每千克饲料 500mg、1000mg 和2000mg MA 的剂量分别投喂三组6 周龄雌性Wistar 大鼠180d， 进一步评价MA 的慢性毒性。结果幼猫和大鼠ALT 、AST 、GGT 、CRE 和UA 等血 生化指标均有升高，提示肝和肾功能异常；试验动物肾、肝和膀胱粘膜均有不同程度 病理变化或损伤。幼猫和最高剂量组大鼠肾损伤显著，后者还观察到了结晶样物质， 且明显抑制生长和进食量。试验动物血常规未见异常，脾脏、骨髓等未见病变。 总之本研究剂量范围内MA 亚慢性和慢性毒性明显；肾、肝和膀胱是主要靶器官； 三聚氰胺最大无作用剂量应小于35.7±15.4 mg/kg·bw·d 的剂量范围。 关键词：三聚氰胺；亚慢性；慢性；毒性；最大无作用剂量 Studies on Sub-chronic and Chronic Toxicity of Melamine on Kitten and Rat Abstract To verify and evaluate the sub-chronic toxicity of melamine (MA), a 1000mg MA per kilo feed single probe dose test was subjected to a Chinese Li Hua weaning kitten; and further a 500mg, 1000mg and 2000mg MA per kilo feed test was conducted on 6-week-old female Wistar rats for 180d too, to make more detailed assessment of chronic toxicity of MA. Biochemical index, as ALT, AST, GGT, CRE and UA were all abnormally increased as time extended, implies malfunction of kidney and liver of the animals. Histological abnormal or damage were found in kidney, liver and bladder. Renal damage was severe in kitten and the highest dose group of rat, and the latter were observed crystal-like substances in kidney and growth and food intake were hindered as well. No abnormality was found in blood routine test and no pathological change observed in spleen and bone marrow. In conclusion, MA has obvious sub-chronic and chronic toxicity effect in the experiment doses, kidney, liver and bladder are major target organs, the estimated MNEL of MA should be lower than 35.7±15.4 mg/kg·bw·d. Key words: Melamine ；Sub-chronic；Chronic；Toxicity；Maximal no-effect level, MNEL Directed by: GUO Jun, M.D., Associate Professor Applicant for Master degree: SUN Meiqi (Food science) (