Physicochemical properties of wastewater produced from the microwave upgrading process of Indonesian lignite》.pdfVIP

Fuel 158 (2015) 435–442 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Fuel journal homepage: www.else /l ocate/fuel Physicochemical properties of wastewater produced from the microwave upgrading process of Indonesian lignite Jun Cheng ⇑, Fan Zhou, Xin Wang, Jianzhong Liu, Zhihua Wang, Junhu Zhou, Kefa Cen State Key Lab of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Article history: This study is aimed to examine the utilization of wastewater produced from the microwave irradiation Received 9 February 2015 upgrading process of Indonesian lignite. Physicochemical properties including total organic carbon Received in revised form 13 May 2015 (TOC), chemical oxygen demand (COD), organic functional groups, inorganic anions, inorganic cations, Accepted 26 May 2015 surface tension, pH, and electrical conductivity (EC) of the removed water were analysed. Results showed Available online 3 June 2015 that TOC and COD increased with increased microwave time. Organic matters in removed water mainly consists of aromatic, aliphatic, and oxygen functional groups. During the microwave process, inorganic Keywords: 2 + + 2+ anions (SO4 , F and Cl ) and cations (Na , K , Ca , etc.