Measuring ecosystem degradation through half a century of fish species introductions and extirpations in a large isolated lake》.pdfVIP

Ecological Indicators 58 (2015) 104–112 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Ecological Indicators j o u r n a l h o me p a ge : w w w. elsev /locate/ e c o l ind Measuring ecosystem degradation through half a century of fish species introductions and extirpations in a large isolated lake Zhong-Guan Jiang a,b , Sébastien Brosse c , Xiao-Ming Jiang a , E Zhang a,∗ a Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, Hubei Province, PR China b Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, PR China c Laboratoire Evolution et Diversite Biologique (UMR5174 EDB), Université Paul Sabatier, CNRS, ENFA, Universite Toulouse 3, 31062 Toulouse, France a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Article history: The introduction of exotic species and the extirpation of native species that occurred during the past two Received 6 March 2015 centuries have strongly modified the structure of most plant and animal assemblages across the globe. Received in revised form 20 May 2015 Such a biotic change is particularly marked in isolated environments such as islands or isolated lakes. Accepted 21 May 2015 Most studies reported drastic changes between before and after human disturbances, but the dynamics of change in assemblage structure through the invasion and extirpation processes are rarely reported. Keywords: Here we measured the aquatic ecosystem degradation through exotic species introduction and nati