布依族论文：关于黔南州布依族习惯法上先占取得制度的调研报告.docVIP

布依族论文：关于黔南州布依族习惯法上先占取得制度的调研报告 【中文摘要】我国现行民事立法对先占取得制度未作任何具体规定,严重影响了司法实践中民法所追求的价值目标以及我国民间习惯法与国家制定法之间的衔接关系。考察法治发达各个国家之法律,无不在立法中规定先占取得制度,以期物有所归和物尽其用,充分实现物的价值、促进物的流通、保护交易安全、提高社会经济效益。先占取得制度在我国源远流长。我国古代朴素的民法意识中也包含了先占取得制度是确定物所有权归属的原始方式,上古时代就有关于先占取得的记载。但新中国建立后的民事立法方面却摒弃了先占取得制度。现行民法面对保护诸如拾荒者拾取废弃物、无主自然物先占人的权利时无法可依、无章可循。先占制度是我国民事立法不能回避的一个大问题。面对现实存在的抛弃物所有权和发现人权利的保护这些问题时,我们不能仅仅依靠道德约束和协商解决的途径,还得依靠国家制定法的力量权衡利益的公平分配。民族习惯法作为法的渊源之一,对我国法律的制定与实施有其重要的作用。本文以布依族物权为对象研究先占取得制度以期对未来民法典制定先占取得制度提供具有参考价值的本土资料,藉此探寻权利与物相衔接的先占取得制度理论及现实依据,并结合我国现行法律制度进行分析,以期回归民法保护私权之本旨。 【英文摘要】China’s current civil legislation has any specific provision to the first occupying system, which has a serious impact on judicial practice, especially the civil law pursue the value and Chinese civil customary law and the law countries make to develop the relationship between the convergence. Examine each country抯 law developed the rule of law, all provisions in the legislation to obtain pre-emption system, in order to expect it to have somewhere to go, make it the full use and the full realization of the value, to promote the flow of things, to protect the safety of transactions, and improve social and economic benefits.First occupying for the system has a long history in China. Simple awareness of China抯 ancient civil law also contains the first occupying for the system which is the original way to determine the ownership. Ancient times have made records of the first occupying. But after the establishment of the new China, the civil legislation abandoned the first occupying for the system. The existing civil laws do not have rules to follow, such as how to protect the scavengers who pick up the wastes, the rights of the natural objects which people first occupy.First occupying system is a big problem that China抯 civil legislation can not avoid. When we face these problems existing in reality that are how to protect the discards of the rights, the rights of owners, we can not just rely on the ways of the moral constraints an