劳动经济学(双语)试题.docVIP

一、名词解释（每小题4分，共20分） 二、不定项选择（每小题4分，共20分） 三、计算（每小题5分，共20分） 四、简答（每小题6分，共24分） 五、论述（每小题16分，共16分） Positive Economics Economic Rent The market clearing wage or equilibrium wage CPI The cross Wage Elasticity of Demand Quasi-fixed Cost Normative Economics Real Wage What exists when wage rate changed?（）。 A．substitution effect ????B．scale effect ?????C．consuming effect ??D．cost effect Which transactions can be considered as mutually beneficial and voluntary transactions? A. All parties affected by the transaction gain; B. Some gain and no one else loses; C. Some gain and some lose from the transaction, but the gainers fully compensate the losers. D. No one gain and no one lose; The own wage elasticity of demand is high, ( ?) A. When the price elasticity of demand for the product being produced is high; B. When other factors of production can be easily substituted for the category of labor; C. When the supply of other factors of production is highly elastic; D. When the supply of other factors of production is inelastic; The pervasive assumption underlying economic theory are ( ?) A. Scarcity; ??B. Mutually Beneficial and Voluntary Transactions; ?C. Pareto Efficiency; ?D. Rationality; Why do markets fail? A. Ignorance ???B. Transaction Barriers ??C. Price Distortion ???D. Nonexistence of Market ??? The demand of labor can be affected by ( ?) A. Product Demand; B. The Amount of Labor at a Given Price; C. The Amount of Capital at a Given Price; D. The Choice of Technologies available 公司已有雇员5人，每人每天工作8小时，每小时工资10美元，每小时生产总值为200美元每小时。公司决定新增工作人员2名，抽调一名雇员专门负责此事。两周后，招聘工作结束，该雇员的项目总结报告中说明，其有效工作时间为65小时，共产生费用600美元。新员工到位后，公司安排岗前培训，培训期间为每位新人支付每小时5美元的工资。培训期间，上午4小时参观，下午4小时由1名原有雇员为其做培训，培训周期为4周。请分别计算招聘及培训成本。 某企业共雇佣工人120人，工资水平为2500元每人每月。后该企业将此标准下降为2300元每人每月，由于劳动力市场的流动成本较高，没有工人选择离开。请计算该企业下调工资前，至少支付了多少不必要的经济租金（Economic rents） 工资为$4每小时条件下的需求是20,000 工时，工资为$5每小时条件下的需求是10,000工时，计算劳动力的自身工资弹性。 人口总数为196814000，其中就业人数为123060000，失业人数为7996000，其中寻求就业5443226，等待被召回2552774，请计算劳动力参与率。 某工厂工人在1990年名义工资(Nominal Wage)