法律英语复习.docVIP

题型： 汉译英10*2’ （一课两题，两个以上单词构成的短语，专业复合词） 英译汉 10*1’ （一课两题，两个以上单词构成的短语，专业复合词） 句子翻译（汉译英）5*6 （每课一题，应该是从课后练习题中出） 段落翻译 （英译汉）1*20’ （会涉及到第六课的生词） 写作 1*20 （老师曾布置过第五课的P50页的作文，不知会否从课后题出） Lesson 1 短语： cause of action 案由 at hand 近在手边，手头（的） civil law 大陆法 common law 普通法 give rise to 引起 provide for 规定 compensate (sb.) for 补偿 (某人的)… be entitled to 有权…，有资格… be entitled to 有权……，有资格…… 单词： Coercive 强迫的，强制的 enforcement 实施，强制执行 norm 标准，规范 Entity 实体 legislative 立法的，立法机构创立的 judicial 司法的 adherence 遵守 procedure 程序 lawsuit 诉讼，案件 appeal 上诉 breach 违反 constitution 宪法的 tort 侵权 litigation 诉讼 compensate 补偿 adjudicate 判决 statute 成文法，法条 precedent 先例，判例 法律是一组规则，违反这些规则将引起案由，可在法院起诉。 Law is a set of rules. Violation of these rules may give rise to a cause of action in a court. 一种流行的观点认为法律不仅仅是一组规则，而且还是为使人们遵守规则而采取的行动。 One popular view of law holds that law is not only a set of rules, but also actions for the purpose of adherence to these rules. 不管怎样界定法律，法律离不开一个强制性机构，这个机构通过强制人们遵守社会规范而保持控制。 No matter how law is defined, it is dependent on a coercive apparatus which maintains control through enforcement of social norms. 有时法律被划分为实体法和程序法。实体法被直接用于解决纠纷，而程序法规定法庭处理案件的程序。程序法也可能影响案件的结果。 Sometimes law is classified into substantive law and procedural law. Substantive law is used to directly resolve the disputes, and procedural law provides for the procedure by which the court handles a case. Procedural law may also affect the outcome of a lawsuit. 西方社会法律的发展因循了两条不同的道路，形成了两个不同的体系。 Law in Western societies has developed along two different lines and into two different systems. 在讲英语的国家中，法官常将已决的案例适用于手头案件的新事实，所以在某种程度上，已决的案件是有约束力的先例，是法律的一部分。 In the English-speaking countries, judges often apply decided cases to the new facts at hand. So, to a certain extent decided cases are binding precedents and they form part of the body of law. Lesson 2 choice of law 法律选择 inferior court 低级法院 superior court 高级法院 circuit court 巡回法院 court of common pleas 普通法院 court of appeals