02实验心理学演化.pdfVIP

2. The evolution of experimental psychology 2000 7 VOLUME 30, NUMBER 11 December 1999 The evolution of experimental psychology The range of methods taught now would have amazed an experimental psychologist of a century ago. Experimental psychology as taught in American universities has changed over the century from being attached to specific subject matters to being primarily methodological. Edward B. Titcheners four-volume Experimental Psychology, published between 1901 and 1905, blocked out the limits of experimental psychology as a subject at the time. The acceptable included sensation, perception, emotion, memory, action and similar topics. Later on, conditioning and learning would be added to the canon by others. Titchener organized his book around fundamental methods, which lent themselves to specific subject matters. Titcheners book remained influential throughout the 1920s and into the 1930s, though it had competition from others. The term experimental psychology, came to stand for those fields that were then most conducive to experimental research. When Titcheners book was finally eclipsed by Robert S. Woodworths 1 2. The evolution of experimental psychology 2000 7 1938 Experimental Psychology, Woodworths organization was primarily by subject matter with methodology being a somewhat secondary consideration. Woodworths book became the bible of psychological researchers for decades. He