硬座空调客车数值流模拟及通风系统设计.docVIP

摘 要 随着我国铁路第六次提速，旅客对空调列车的舒适性提出了更高的要求。但当前空调列车的空气品质与旅客的期望值仍有差距，主要表现在关键部位PMV不达标，影响了旅客的舒适性，因此对改进列车空调系统的呼声愈来愈高。由于不同的通风方式及送排风口位置会产生不同的气流组织，因此本文选取顶下送上排通风(准置换通风)进行仿真研究，以便对目前列车空调系统的改进提出理论依据。在模拟中突出了以人为本的研究理念，根据铁标规定选取旅客坐姿的高度进行气流组织研究。 由于美国Fluent公司专门用于暖通空调领域的Airpak软件具有快速地建 模功能，强大的求解器及后处理显示功能，因此本文采用该软件对硬座空调空调车的不同通风方式进行数值模拟。对模型进行简化并对准置换通风方式建模，确定边界条件，进行送风参数的模拟，对典型截面的PMV值、温度分布、速度分布分析，得出了很多有益的结论。通过研究发现，用数值模拟的方法分析和评价车厢内气流组织是可行的；本文结合人体适宜的舒适温度，PMV值和风速的要求，对上送下排的送气方法的模拟表明，车厢内乘客乘坐位置处风速和温度变化较小，PMV接近于零，乘客感觉舒适。 关键词:数值模拟；准置换通风；通风系统；空气品质 ABSTRACT With the sixth China railway speed up, the passengers call for higher request to comfort of the air-conditioning train. But there is still a gap between air quality and people’s expected value, mostly are bad PMV in crucial section affect the passengers. Therefore improving the voice of the train air conditioning system is rising. As different ventilation and exhaust outlet location will have to send different air flow, this article simulate and research the displacement ventilation in order to bring up theoretical basis for the train air conditioning system currently. It is highlighting the concept of people-oriented in the simulation, selected the height of seated passengers to pursue air flow research according to the provisions of Railway standard. As software that dedicated to HVAC field developed by Fluent companies in the U.S., Airpak has modeling function with fast and powerful solver and post-processing display, this article uses the software on the hard seat air conditioning train to simulate different ventilation. Use the software, we can simplify the model and modeling displacement ventilation, determine the boundary conditions, simulate the inlet parameters, make the analysis of typical cross-section of the PMV value, temperature distribution, velocity distribution, obtained a lot of useful conclusions. Through the study we found it is feasible that use the method of numerical sim