膀胱癌两次GWAS研究对比.pdfVIP

Available online at Common predisposition alleles for moderately common cancers: bladder cancer Anne E Kiltie Bladder cancer is the 5th commonest cancer and two major in bladder cancer and candidate gene studies published risk factors are smoking and occupational chemical exposure. during this period. There is also evidence of a genetic component to its aetiology. Candidate gene studies have mostly focused on genes Historical overview involved in adduct metabolism and DNA repair, including a Bladder cancer is the fifth commonest cancer in the United recent consortium-based meta-analysis. Recently, two Kingdom (UK), comprising 3.4% of all cancers, 95% genome-wide association studies in bladder cancer have been of which are transitional cell carcinomas. In 2006, published and a third is awaited with interest. These first two 10,264 new cases were diagnosed in the UK (http://info. studies have identified three SNPs of genome-wide /cancerstats/). Two major risk factors significance, two located within the 8q24 ‘gene desert’. These for transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder are cigarette SNPs are positioned near or within loci of genes potentially smoking and occupational exposure to carcinogens; implicated in cancer predisposition, namely MYC, TP63 and chemicals in cigarette smoke cause oxidative DNA PSCA, although the functional significance of this is as yet damage and carcinogen metabolites form bulky adducts unclear. with DNA. Address There is evidence of a genetic component to the aetiol- Gray Institute for Radiation Oncology and Bio