根瘤菌-豆科植物共生结瘤因子的感知与信号转导途径研究进展.docVIP

  根瘤菌-豆科植物共生结瘤因子的感知与信 号转导途径研究进展# 张伟，王宏伟，戴传超** 5 （南京师范大学生命科学学院 江苏省微生物资源产业化工程技术研究中心 江苏省微生物 与功能基因组学重点实验室 南京 210023） 摘要：根瘤菌是指一类可以引起豆科植物结瘤固氮的土壤细菌。根瘤菌在宿主植物根系分泌 的黄酮类等物质的诱导下，合成并分泌一类多糖信号分子即结瘤因子 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 （lipochitooligosaccharides，LCOs，脂壳寡糖）。植物感知结瘤因子后，通过一定的信号转 导途径，诱导宿主植物产生一系列生理生化反应，形成一个新的器官－根瘤。根瘤菌与宿主 之间共生的建立是一个相互识别、协同作用、双方相关基因共同参与，并随环境条件和细胞 内的生理变化而自主调节的复杂过程。以下就结瘤过程、结瘤信号感知和转导、结瘤过程相 关基因表达调控以及豆科植物与根瘤菌共生的实际应用方面进行讨论，并对未来豆科植物与 根瘤菌共生方面的研究方向进行了展望。 关键词：根瘤菌；结瘤因子；侵染；信号感知；信号转导；基因表达与调控 中图分类号：请查阅《中国图书馆分类法》 Research progress on perception and transduction of rhizobium Nod factor in the legume-rhizobial symbiosis Zhang Wei, Wang Hongwei, Dai Chuanchao (Jiangsu Engineering and Technology Research Center for Industrialization of Microbial Resources, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Microbes and Functional Genomics, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023) Abstract: Legume plants are able to form symbiosis with nitrogen-fixing soil bacteria, collectively called rhizobia. With the induction of flavonoids secreted by roots, rhizobia synthesize and secrete the lipochitooligosaccharides (Nod factors). Legume plants recognize Nod factor and via signal transduction pathways, eliciting a series of physiological and biochemical responses and forming a new organ, called root nodule. This mutualistic association requires mutual recognition, mutual coordination and related genes expression of symbiotic partners. And with environmental conditions and physiological responses within cells changed, this process is able to self regulation. In this review, we will give a brief summary on nodule formation, perception and transduction of NF signaling, expression and regulation of related genes as well as practical application of legume-rhizobial symbiosis. We will also attempt to discuss further development in this field. Key words: Rhizobium; Nod factor; infection; signal perception; signal transduction; gene expression and regulation 0 引言 土壤中能够诱导豆科植物形成根瘤的根瘤菌主要分为根瘤菌属（Rh