土壤中粘土矿物过渡相的矿物学特征及其地质意义.docVIP

 土壤中粘土矿物过渡相的矿物学特征及其 地质意义# 洪汉烈，殷科，高文鹏，李荣彪，王朝文，韩文* 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 （中国地质大学（武汉）地球科学学院，430074，武汉，湖北） 摘要：14 ? 粘土矿物过渡相是广泛发育的典型的成土作用产物，不仅记录了成土时期的气 候、环境条件，也可以作为这些土壤发生分类和类型区分的依据。本文通过对前人有关 14 ? 过渡矿物研究成果进行系统全面的分析，阐明了这种过渡相的矿物学特征、层间离子类型、 鉴定依据、及其成因，并在此基础上提出对 14 ? 矿物相的鉴定实验流程。此外，高分辨透 射电子显微技术的应用给过渡性粘土矿物的研究提供了极大的保障，利用高分辨透射电子显 微镜可以研究过渡相的形成、转化关系。14 ? 过渡性粘土矿物对气候环境十分敏感，且形 成于特征的酸碱度环境条件，这种过渡相粘土矿物的特征有望作为成土时期的气候环境代用 指标。 关键词：粘土矿物；过渡相；土壤；X 射线衍射； 高分辨透射电子显微分析 中图分类号：P571 Mineralogy and geological significance of transition clays in soils HONG Hanlie1, YIN Ke1, GAO Wenpeng2, LI Rongbiao1, WANG Chaowen1, HAN Wen2 (1. Faculty of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, Hubei, 430074; 2. Mineralogy and geological significance of transition clays in soils) Abstract: The 14? transition clay is one of the most common soil derived clay species produced during pedogenesis process. It documents the climate and environmental conditions of the period and also can be used as the criteria for soil genesis and classification. In this paper, previous studies on 14? transition clay from literature were summarized, and its mineralogical characteristics, interlayer components, identification criteria, and genesis were clarified. The identification flow chart for 14? clay species was proposed based on the reviews of the transition clay species. In addition, High–resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) provided the powerful tool for transition clay investigation, formation mechanism of transition clays could be investigated through HRTEM observation. This 14? transition clay is sensitively to climate and environmental conditions during the pedogenesis episode, especially the acidity of soils, and therefore, this transition clay species is a potential probe to the climate and environmental conditions of the pedogenesis period. Key words: Clay minerals; transition phase; soil; X-ray diffraction; high–resolution transmission electron microscopy 0 引言 在世界各地的热带、亚热带的酸性土壤和温带、寒温带的灰化土中，广