低酚棉×有酚棉非去雄杂交制种方法研究.docVIP

 低酚棉×有酚棉非去雄杂交制种方法研究# 彭静1，张桂寅2，王省芬1，吴立强2，李志坤1，王志伟3，张艳1，马峙英1** （1. 河北农业大学农学院，河北 保定 071001； 5 10 2. 河北农业大学生命科学院，河北 保定 071001； 3. 河北职业技术学院，河北 保定 071001） 摘要：本研究利用 19 个低酚陆地棉品种（系）为母本，2 个高酚陆地棉品种（系）为父本， 按不完全双列杂交设计配制 38 个组合。在 6:00 至 12:00 的 7 个时间段，不去雄直接授粉， 以有腺体作标记剖子鉴定 F1 杂交种，比较不同授粉时间、不同组合的杂交率，分析杂交率 与气温和母本花粉活力的相关性。试验结果表明，6:00 非去雄授粉杂交率最高；相同条件、 相同用工时间，6:00～7:00 非去雄指示性状制种比 9:00～10:00 人工去雄制种提高工效 2.9 倍；非去雄授粉杂交率与气温、母本花粉活力存在负相关关系。 关键词：陆地棉；无色素腺体；标记性状；杂交率；制种 中图分类号：S562 15 Study on the method of hybrid seed production by crossing between glandless and glanded upland cotton PENG Jing1, ZHANG Guiyin2, WANG Shengfen1, WU Liqiang2, LI Zhikun1, WANG Zhiwei3, ZHANG Yan1, MA Zhiying1 20 25 30 (1. college of agriculture,agricultural university of hebei, HeBei BaoDing 071001; 2. college of life science,agricultural university of hebei, HeBei BaoDing 071001; 3. Baoding vocational and technical college, HeBei BaoDing 071001) Abstract: In this study, thirty eight cross combinations were designed by crossing between nineteen glandless upland varieties as female parents and two dominant glanded upland varieties as male parents. Pollination was carried out without emasculation from 6:00 am to 12:00 am. The true hybrid seeds were identified according to the gland of seeds existing or not. The percentage of hybrids was compared among different combinations and pollinating times. The results indicated that average cross-pollination rate produced by crossing at 6:00 am was the highest. The quantity of produced hybrid seed of pollination without emasculation in 6:00～7:00 was 2.9 times that of pollination with artificial emasculation in 9:00～10:00. The experimental results also showed that temperature and germination rate for pollens of the female parents had negative correlation to the cross-pollination rate. Keywords: Upland cotton; Glandless; Indication characteristics; Cross-pollination rate; Production of hybrid seed 35 0 引言 棉花具有较强的杂种优势，杂交棉的制种以人工去雄法为主，但该方法存在费工、费时、 制种产量低、成本高、杂种优势不能得到有效利用的缺点[1,