聚氨酯的生产工艺设计说明书.docxVIP

摘要 近些年，世界可持续发展的理念已经逐渐运用到各行各业中。聚氨酯是健康生活、城市建设、节约能源等方面的重要材料，在全世界的可持续发展中起了重要的作用，具有很大的市场前景和发展空间。本设计是关于年产20万吨聚氨酯的生产工艺设计。本文首先介绍了本课题的研究背景、聚氨酯的物理和化学性质、用途以及国内、国外聚氨酯的发展、性能、应用前景。然后根据查阅文献确定了聚氨酯的具体生产路线，利用化工流程模拟软件Aspen plus对生产路线中涉及的具体参数设置进行了模拟计算和详细的讨论。接着对聚氨酯生产工艺的各个环节进行了物料衡算和热量衡算以及设备的选型计算。最后根据Aspen plus的模拟结果，绘制了工艺流程图和主体设备图。 关键词：聚氨酯；物料衡算；热量衡算；设备选型  Abstract In recent years, the concept of world sustainable development has gradually been applied to all walks of life. Polyurethane is an important material for healthy living, urban construction, energy conservation, etc. It has played an important role in the sustainable development of the world, and has great market prospects and development space. This design is about the production process design of 200,000 tons of polyurethane per year. This article first introduces the research background of this subject, the physical and chemical properties and uses of polyurethane, as well as the development, performance and application prospects of polyurethane at home and abroad. Then the specific production route of polyurethane was determined according to the literature review, and the specific parameter settings involved in the production route were simulated and discussed in detail using the chemical process simulation software Aspen plus. Then, the material balance calculation, heat balance calculation and equipment selection calculation were carried out for each link of the polyurethane production process. Finally, according to the simulation results of Aspen plus, the process flow chart and the main equipment diagram are drawn. Keywords: polyurethane; material balance calculation; heat balance calculation; equipment selection  目录 TOC \o "1-3" \h \z \u 第一章 概述 7 1.1研究背景及意义 7 1.2 聚氨酯的性质 7 1.2.1聚氨酯的化学性质 8 1.2.2聚氨酯的物理性质 8 1.3聚氨酯的用途 8 1.4 聚氨酯的发展现状 10 第二章 聚氨酯的合成工艺 10 2.1 合成聚氨酯的原料 10 2.2 聚氨酯的合成工艺 14 第三章 物料衡算 14 3.1 概述 14 3.2 物料衡算需遵守的规则 15 3.3 设备物料衡算 15 3.3.1 加热器物料衡算 15 3.3.2 反应器的物料衡算 15 3.3.