《轮机英语轮机长大管轮》_Lesson 9 Exhaust Emission and Control.pptVIP

NewWordsandExpressionsnoxious[?nɑ:k??s]adj.有害的，有毒的nitrogen[?na?tr?d??n]n.氮carbonmonoxiden.一氧化碳sulphur[s?lf?r]n.硫磺carcinogenic[?kɑ:rs?n??d?en?k]adj.致癌物(质)的photochemicalsmogn.光化烟雾acidification[??s?d?f?ke???n]n.使发酸,酸化,成酸性odor[o?d?]n.气味,名声NewWordsandExpressionsmucus[?mjuk?s]n.粘液,胶membrane[?m?m?bren]n.膜,隔膜emit[??m?t]vt.发生aluminumphosphaten.正磷酸铝phosphorousdeficiencyn.缺磷症hydrocarbon[?ha?dr??kɑ:rb?n]n.碳氢化合物，烃dissociation[d??s??s?e??n]n.分裂aqueous[?e?kwi?s]adj.水的,水成的NewWordsandExpressionsgreenhouseeffectn.温室效用scope[sko?p]n.余地，范围soot[s?t]n./v.煤烟,烟灰；用煤烟弄脏desulphurization脱硫bulky[?b?lki]adj.容量大的,体积大的premature[?pri:m??t??r]adj.未成熟的,早熟的strategy[?str?t?d?i]n.策略,军略bunker[?b??k?r]n.燃料舱NewWordsandExpressionssac[s?k]n.囊；液囊conical[?kɑ:n?kl]adj.圆锥的,圆锥形的slidevalven.滑阀Marineenginedesignersinrecentyearshavehadtoaddressthechallengeoftighteningcontrolsonnoxiousexhaustgasemissionsimposedbyregional,nationalandinternationalauthoritiesrespondingtoconcernoveratmosphericpollution.Exhaustgasemissionsfrommarinedieselengineslargelycomprisenitrogen,oxygen,carbondioxideandwatervapor,withsmallerquantitiesofcarbonmonoxide,oxidesofsulphurandnitrogen,partiallyreactedandnon-combustedhydrocarbonsandparticulatematerial(船用柴油机的排烟废气主要包含了氮气、氧气、二氧化碳和水蒸气，还包含了少量的一氧化碳、硫氧化物、氮氧化物和不完全燃烧造成的碳氢化合物和微小颗粒物).Nitrogenoxides(NOx)--generatedthermallyfromnitrogenandoxygenathighcombustiontemperaturesinthecylinder--areofspecialconcernsincetheyarebelievedtobecarcinogenicandcontributetophotochemicalsmogformationovercitiesandacidrain(andhenceexcessacidificationofthesoil).Internalcombustionenginesprimarilygeneratenitrogenoxidebutlessthan10percentofthatoxidizestonitrogendioxidethemomentitescapesasexhaustgas.Sulphuroxides(SOx)--producedbyoxidationofthe