应用化学专业英语 教学课件 ppt 作者 黄忠 谢普会 付颖 主编Lesson 2 nomenclature of inorganic compounds 1课件.pptxVIP

Lesson2InorganicCompoundsand

ChemicalFormulas

Nomenclature

HC2H3O2

AceticAcid

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PO43-

phosphateion

C2H3O2-

acetateion

•Thereare3formsbondingatoms:

•Ionic—completetransferof

1ormoreelectronsfromoneatomtoanother(oneloses,theothergains)

•Covalent—somevalenceelectronssharedbetweenatoms

•________–holdsatomsofametaltogether

FormsofChemicalBonds

Mostbondsaresomewhereinbetweenionicandcovalent.

•Alotofchemicalshavecommon

namesaswellastheproper

IUPACname.

•Chemicalsthatshouldalwaysbe

namedbycommonnameandnevernamedbytheIUPACmethodare:

•H2Owater,notdihydrogen

monoxide

•NH3ammonia,notnitrogentrihydride

CommonNames

Aneutralcompoundrequires

equalnumberof+and-charges.

CATION+ANION---

COMPOUND

COMPOUNDS

FORMED

FROMIONS

Na++Cl---NaCl

↓

Cd+2

PredictingChargesonMonatomicIons

KNOWTHESE!!!!

+1+2-3-2-10

!↓

•Ametalatomcan

transferanelectrontoanonmetal.

•Theresultingcationandanionare

attractedtoeachotherby

electrostatic

forces.

PropertiesofIonicCompoundsFormingNaClfromNaandCl2

IONICCOMPOUNDS

NH4+-

Cl---

ammoniumchloride,NH4Cl

Ca2++2F----CaF2

Mg2++N-3----Mg3N2

magnesiumnitride

Sn4++O2-----SnO2

Tin(IV)oxide

SomeIonicCompounds

calciumfluoride

atoms

ions

–

Na+F:

Na+

:F:

NaF

sodium+fluorinesodiumfluorideformula

Chargebalance:1+1-=0

Formulasofioniccompoundsaredeterminedfromthechargesontheions

MonatomicIons

Writethefor