Unit+1+Relationships+Lesson1 过去完成时语法讲义 高中英语北师大版选择性必修第一册.docxVIP

选择性必修1 Unit1 relationships Lesson1：Past perfect 过去完成时 基本结构 肯定式为had done 否定式为had not done 被动式为 had been done ① She?said?she?had?never?been?to?Paris.? ② I didnt know the way to Johns house because I hadnt been there before. ③ The work had been finished by us last Friday. II.基本用法 1. 表示在过去的某一时间或某一动作之前完成的动作或存在的状态。 ① Before we got to the train station, the train had already left. ② Before I could say “thank you”, he had run away. ③He told me that he had met her the night before. 2.表示从过去某一时间开始，一直延续到过去 的另一个时间的动作，常用的时间状语有 by then, by the end of, by the time等。 ① By the end of last term, we had learnt 2,000 English words. ② They had lived there for ten years by then. 3.表示愿望、打算等的动词，如hope, want, expect, think, mean, suppose, intend, plan后 接从句时，一般用过去完成时表示本打算实现而未实现的愿望和计划。 ① I had intended to meet him at the airport, but I had an important meeting to attend. ② I had hoped to take a holiday this year but I was not able to get away. III.常用固定句型 (1) It/That was+the first/second…+time+ that从句，从句谓语常用过去完成时 It was the first time that I had visited the Great Wall. It was+一段时间+since从句，从句谓语用过去完成时。 It was three years since he had joined the army. 在句型Hardly/Scarcely…when…和 No sooner…than…中，主句常用过去完成时, 从句用一般过去时，表示“一……就……”。 ① Hardly had he got into his big office when the telephone rang. ② No sooner had he arrived than he was asked to leave again. IV.过去完成时与一般过去时 两种时态都表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，但在使用时应注意以下几点： 时间状语不同：过去完成时在时间上强调“过去的过去”，而一般过去时强调过去某一特定的时间。 (1) They had arrived at the station by ten o’clock yesterday. (2) They arrived at the station at ten o’clock yesterday. 2. 在没有明确的表示过去的时间状语时，谓语动词表示的动作发生的时间先后顺序须依据上下文来判断：先发生的动作用过去完成时，后发生的动作则用一般过去时。 She was very happy and her whole family were pleased with her, too. She had just won first prize in the composition competition. V.【练习】用括号内所给动词的正确时态和语态填空。 1. John ______________ (plan) to make a compromise, but somehow he changed his mind at the last minute. 2. Just?as?I?got?to?the?school?gate,?I?realized?I ________ (leave)?my?book?in?the?café. 3. I