中小型永磁直驱风力发电控制系统设计以及仿真硕士学位.docVIP

摘 要 由于以石油、煤等的能源紧缺，同时这些传统能源对环境造成了越来越严重的污 染，已经关系到人类的生存和发展问题，因而以风力发电为代表的新能源越来越受到人 们的重视并且近年来有了较快的发展。永磁直驱风力发电系统与传统的以异步电机的发 电系统相比，不需经常维护，结构简单，发电效率较高，总体成本相对较低，这些优点 使得可独立运行的中小型永磁直驱风力发电系统在农村和偏远地区有着很好应用前景。 本文主要工作如下： 本文主要研究中小型永磁直驱风力发电控制系统，在理论上，根据中小型永磁直驱 风力发电系统的数学模型，完成了基于Matlab/Simulink 的仿真，该仿真包括变桨距控制 系统的仿真和交直交变流系统的负载突变的仿真两部分。 由于永磁直驱风力发电系统所发出的电能为电压和频率的交流电，为得到恒压恒频 的电能，本文进行了逆变控制系统的软硬件设计。控制器采用 PIC 单片机并结合 PWM 芯片 SA4828, 用 IPM 作为逆变输出，并采用 LC 滤波器将IPM 输出波形滤成正弦波， 电压反馈采用真有效值转换芯片 AD736 完成电压样任务。调节方式采用了增量式 PID 控制，同时为避免干扰采用了防脉冲干扰平均值滤波。 变桨距及偏航控制系统为风力发电系统可靠运行的关键，本文进行了变桨距及偏航 控制系统的软硬件设计。该控制器采用 PIC 单片机为核心，通过检测风速、转速、蓄电 池电压、电流等量完成变桨距及偏航控制，同时为增强控制器的抗干扰性能，对输入及 输出进行了光电隔离。 文中详细介绍了系统仿真和各系统的软硬件设计，并给出了仿真和试验的结果。 关键词： 风力发电，永磁直驱，变桨距，逆变 The Control System Simulation and Design of Low Speed PM Generator Direct Driven by Wind Turbine Abstract The energy such as petroleum and coal is in short supply, and simultaneously, the traditional energy caused more and more serious pollution to the environment, this has already concerned human survival and development problem. Wind power generation as a new energy is increasingly attraction interest and quickly development in recent years. The system of low speed PM generator direct driven by wind turbine which compares with the conventional wind power plants the generator is coupled with the turbine via a gearbox, does not have to maintain frequently, structure simple, clectricity generation efficiency high, the overall cost relative is low. In the countryside and the remote districts the wind power generation is good application prospect. The main work of the thesis is as follow. This paper mainly studies the system of low speed PM generator direct driven by wind turbine. In theoretically, according to the wind power generation system mathematical model, the dynamic performance of the power generation system for different operation modes is simulated based on Matlab/Simulink. The output of the system of PM generator direct driven by wind turbine is variab