工程管理专业英语(第3版)全套教学课件.pptx

工程管理专业英语 English for Construction Project Management;;;2. Sentence Structures ;3. Rhetoric Features;4. Wording Feature;Contents;Vocabulary;skyscraper n 摩天大楼 sophistication n 老于世故,老练;复杂 oligopoly n 垄断，求过于供（的市场情况） procurement n 获得,取得 pipeline n 管道,管线 hoist n 升起，提升间 procurement n 获得,取得 speculative a 推测的，纯理论的，投机的 spanning San Francisco’s Golden Gate 横跨旧金山的金门大桥 ;;while governments and corporations express their “images” with structures that house their offices and production facilities. 而政府与企业则以容纳其办公或生产的建筑物来体现他们的形象。 其中的house 在此作动词，为“容纳”，为……提供建筑空间”的意思。;What follows, nevertheless, are four somewhat arbitrary but generally accepted major types of construction. In large measure, these categories parallel the general specialties into which designers and constructors tend to group themselves. 不过，以下就是划分的四种主要的建筑类型，如此的划分带有一定程度的武断性，但通常被人们加以接受。如此分类在很大程度上与设计者和建造者们通常使用的分类是一致的。 句中的parallel 在此为“相似”，“类似”等的意思。;There are a few very large firms, but as a rule the low capital and technology requirements in this sector of the industry mean that it is characterized by large numbers of very small firms. 住宅建筑领域有不少大型企业，但由于该行业对于资本和技术的要求一般较低，所以占主导地位的还是大量的小型企业。 句中的as a rule 为“通常”，“一般”等的意思; Though labor-and-materials-intensive like residential construction, the scope and technology of these buildings are generally much larger and more complex. 虽然它们和住宅类建设一样，也是劳动力与材料密集型，但此类项目范围更广，所包含的技术更复杂。 句中的labor-and-materials-intensive 为“劳动力与材料密集型”的意思。much larger 与 more complex 分别对应其前的the scope 与technology.;……and typically all phase of the project are handled by the same firm on a negotiated design-construct or “turnkey” contractual arrangement, with considerable overlap between design, procurement, and construction. 此外，（工业建筑）项目各阶段的工作一般依据设计建造或交钥匙合同由同一家企业来承担，因而其设计、采购与施工等各阶段工作之间存在相当大的工作联系。 “turnkey” contractual arrangement，交钥匙合同方式，即工