第十二章领导和管理.pptVIP

1 Task performance任务绩效 Task performance behaviors Action taken to ensure that work group or organization reaches its goals. 任务绩效行为：确保工作小组或组织达到它们的目标的行为 第三十页，共八十五页。 Task performance behaviors are the leader’s efforts to ensure that the work unit or organization reaches its goals. It includes a focus on work speed, quality and accuracy, quantity of output, and following the rules. 第三十一页，共八十五页。 任务绩效是指领导努力确保工作单位或组织达到它的目标。它包括关注工作速度、质量和精度、产品的数量和遵守规则。 第三十二页，共八十五页。 2 Group maintenance群体维系 Group maintenance behaviors Action taken to ensure the satisfaction of group members, develop and maintain harmonious work relationships, and preserve the social stability of the group. 群体维系行为：确保群体成员满意，发展和维持融洽的工作关系，维护群体的社会稳定性。 第三十三页，共八十五页。 It includes a focus on people’s feelings and comfort, appreciation of them, and stress reduction. 它包括关注人的情感和安慰、赏识他们和减轻压力。 第三十四页，共八十五页。 3 Participation in decision making决策参与 Participation in decision making Leader behaviors that managers perform in involving their employees in making decisions. 决策参与：管理者所表现的一种领导行为，它涉及到员工在决策中的参与程度。 第三十五页，共八十五页。 The participation-in-decision-making dimension of leadership behavior can range from autocratic to democratic. 决策参与的领导行为包括从专制到民主 第三十六页，共八十五页。 Autocratic leadership A form of leadership in which the leader makes decisions on his or her own and then announces those decisions to the group. 专制领导：领导者自己做决策然后向群体宣布那些决策。 第三十七页，共八十五页。 Democratic leadership A form of leadership in which the leader solicits input from subordinates. 民主领导：领导者从下属那里征求意见。 第三十八页，共八十五页。 4 The effects of leader behavior领导者行为的影响 How the leader behaves influences people’s attitudes and performance. Studies of these effects focus on autocratic versus democratic decision styles or on performance- versus maintenance-oriented behaviors.领导者的行为怎样影响人们的态度和绩效？对这些影响 的研究主要关注两个方面：专制与民主的决策风格；绩效与维系行为 第三十九页，共八十五页。 4.1 decision styles决策风格 The classic study comparing autocratic and democratic styles found that a democratic approach resulted in the most positive