高三英语一轮复习---定语从句讲义.docx

定语从句 （一）基本概念 由一个句子作定语，修饰句中一个名词或代词，有时也可以修饰整个句子或句中的部分内容， 这样的从句就是定语从句，被其修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。 关系词分为两大类，即关系代词和关系副词，其作用一是引出一个定语从句，二是代替其所修饰的先行词，三是在句中充当某个句子成分。 关系词的分类和基本用法表一 分类 指代 引导词 关系代词 人 事物 who, whom, that, as which, that, as 人或物（表所属关系） 地点 whose where 关系副词 时间 原因 when why 表二 关系代词 指代 例句 解释 who whom whose that as that which whose as 关系副词指代 关系副词 指代 时间 例句 Would you suggest a time when we can have a talk? The house where they live is not very large. 解释 when 在定从中作状语 where 地点 在定从中作状语  人 事物 整句内容 The man who helped you is Mr White. That is the person(whom/who/that) you want to see. He is the father whose son studies very well in our class. I′m not the fool that you thought me to be. He is such a lazy man as nobody wants to work with. The only thing that we can do is to give you some advice. A dictionary is a useful book which tells us the meaning of words He lives in a room whose window faces south It is such a big stone as nobody can lift. As is known to all, he is the best student. 在定从中作主语 在定从中作宾语，可省略在定从中作定语 在定从中作表语在定从中作宾语在定从中作宾语在定从中作主语在定从中作定语在定从中作宾语在定从中作主语 why 原因 （二）定语从句的注意点 This is the reason why he did not came to the meeting.  在定从中作状语 本部分的内容比较复杂，为便于考生一目了然，我们试图用表格的形式呈现给考生。 that 与 which, who, whom 的用法区别 情 况 用法说明 例 句 ① 先 行 词 为 all, everything, anything, ①He told me everything that he knows. nothing, little, much,等不定代词时 ②先行词被 all, any, every, each, much, ②All the books that you offered has little, no, some, few 等修饰时 been given out. 只用 that 的情况 只用 which, who, whom 的情况 只用 that，in which 或不用关系词的情况 ③先行词有形容词最高级和序数词修饰时 ③This is the best film that I have ever ④先行词既指人又指物时 read. ⑤先行词被 the only, the very 修饰时 ④ We talked about the persons and ⑥句中已经有 who 或 which 时，为了避免 things that we remembered. 重复时 ⑤He is the only man that I want to see. ⑥ Who is the man that is making a speech? ①在非限制性定语从句中，只能用 which ①He has a son, who has gone abroad 指代物，用 who/whom 指人 for further study. ②在由“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 ②I like the person to whom the teacher 中，只能用 which 指物，whom 指人。 is talking. ③先行词本身是 that 时，关系词用 which