王蔷英语教学法Unit6重点笔记.docx

Unit 6 Teaching Pronunciation 本章内容索引： Ⅰ. The role of pronunciation Ⅱ. The goal of teaching pronunciation Ⅲ. Aspects of pronunciation Ⅳ. Practicing sounds 1. Focusing on a sound 2. Perception practice 3. Production practice Ⅴ. Practicing stress and intonation 1. Practicing stress 2. Practicing intonation 1. The role of pronunciation L Whether pronunciation needs special attention or focus in language teaching depends on many factors, especially learner factors. ? Factors that determine whether students need focus on pronunciation (1) Similarities of sound system between the native language and the target language. (2) Learners? learning context—Learners? exposure to English. (3) Learners? age—Adults are more likely to substitute English sounds with sounds from their native language. Great care should be taken to the distinction between pronunciation and phonetics. Stress and intonation are as important as the sounds themselves and should be taught from the very beginning. 2. Critical period hypothesis B This hypothesis states that if humans do not learn a foreign language before a certain age( perhaps around puberty), then due to changes such as maturation of the brain, it becomes impossible to learn the foreign language like a native speaker. 3. Three factors that affect the pronunciation learning. L Factors that determine if the students can acquire native-like English pronunciation. ① a certain age (Critical Period Hypothesis) ② the amount of exposure to English ③ different phonetic ability (due to biological and physiological differences) 4. What are the realistic goal of teaching pronunciation? B 1) Consistency: the pronunciation should be smooth and natural. 2) Intelligibility: the pronunciation should be understandable to the listeners. 3) Communicative efficiency: the pronunciation should help to convey the meaning that is intended by the speaker. When trying to achieve consistency in pronunciation, students do not have to and should not sacrifice