研究生学术英语读写教程Unit6.pptxVIP

Biology;Outline;;;Words and expressions;capsize v. The sea got very rough and the boat capsized. oscillate v. I checked to see if the needle indicating volume was oscillating. dehydrate v. Normally specimens have to be dehydrated. ;scavenge v. Dogs and foxes scavenged through the trash cans for something to eat. disintegrate v. The plane disintegrated as it fell into the sea.;1. And so we tend to identify microbes with the disease-causing minority among them, the little buggers that trigger the tickling mist of a sneeze or the pustule on otherwise smooth skin. (Para. 3) 我们倾向于将微生物等同于它们中少数致病微生物，这些讨厌的小东西会诱发令人发痒的嚏喷或者让光滑的皮肤起脓包。;2. This hypothesis does not apply to all infections, and is almost certainly irrelevant to viruses, which always need to reproduce in a host. (Para. 6) 这一假设并不适用于所有类型的感染，几乎可以确定的是，该假设与病毒没有任何关系；病毒必须在寄主体内繁殖。;3. Antibiotic resistance genes evolved as part of this ancient war, but they also help today’s microbes to deal with the medicines that we mass-produce. (Para. 9) 抗生素的抗性基因逐渐成为了这场古老战斗的一部分，但是，它们也使得现在的微生物对批量生产的药物产生耐药性。;4. In the last decade, people have begun to accept that a lot of these opportunistic pathogens that people assumed were only in the environment transiently between human hosts are actually environmental bacteria that occasionally end up in humans. (Para. 11) 在过去十年里，人们的看法开始发生转变，不再想当然地认为形形色色的条件致病菌只是在环境中短暂停留，它们的主要活动场所是人类寄主，而是认为它们实际存在于环境当中，侵入人体只是一个偶然的结果。;5. Evolution, however, is all about small probabilities manifesting through long timescales and large numbers – and microbes have both. (Para. 16) 然而，所谓进化，就在于种种因为漫长的时间尺度和巨大的数量而得以显现的细小可能性——而微生物二者兼而有之。;6. There are so many microbes out there that some of them will end up with a hand that lets them muscle their way into our game. (Para. 17) 世界上有那么多微生物，最终总有一些会凭借某种特性侵入人体。;Theme and structure;Title: Coincidental Killers;Referenced keys to tasks;Referenced keys to tasks;Referenced keys to tasks;;2. Creating and using mental images;Commonly used note-taking me