包装件破损原因分析.doc

PAGE PAGE 31 包装件破损原因分析 摘要 在进行货物的运输流通过程中，因为交通工具、装卸器械、包装件本身的原因等造成包装破损，甚至影响到商品的使用价值和商业价值。目前，我国的机械化水平较低，包装技术较差，导致包装质量差，包装破损现象严重，造成大量的经济损失。生产商对于包装破损原因的了解不足，只是简单的增加包装厚度或者过度包装，造成资源浪费。 本文通过文献调查和问卷调查收集了包装破损的相关数据，运用质量管理的统计图对其进行详细分析，归纳总结并且对原因进行详细的分析阐述。通过分析柏拉图可以得出，造成包装破损的主要原因是运输事故、包装结构设计不当、缓冲设计不当、野蛮装卸和堆码过高这五点，因而在进行包装破损防护时可以重点考虑这五点。除了柏拉图之外，本文还通过因果图来对包装所涉及的各个因素进行详细解析，从装卸、运输、储存、内装物、内包装、外包装和管理七个大的方面开始逐个分析，并列出各个方面的详细要点。最后根据上述分析提出减少包装破损的五点建议，分别是包装优化设计，在运输工具内对包装件进行固定，标准化，改进物流包装技术，使用稳固、绿色材料。 关键词：包装；内装物；破损原因；物流运输 ABSTRACT During the process of the transportation, because of transport, loading and unloading equipment, packaging itself, packaging are damaged, and even affect the use value and commercial value of goods. At present, our countrys mechanization level is low, the packing technology is poor, so that the packing quality is poor, packing damage phenomenon is serious, economic loss is massive. Because the lack of understanding of packaging damage, manufacturer just simply increase the thickness of the packaging or excessive packaging, it result waste of resources. In this paper, I collect the relevant data of the packaging damage through the literature survey and questionnaire survey, using quality management of statistical charts to carry out detailed analysis and summarized the reasons. After anglicizing of Pareto, a conclusion can be drawn that the main reason caused packaging damaged is transportation accidents, improper design of packaging structure, improper design of the buffer, savage handling and stacking too high, so that in thinking of packaging protection can focus on this five points. In addition to Pareto, this paper also through the causality diagram to analysis various packaging factors which involved, start from this seven aspects of handling, transport, storage, loading, inner packaging, packaging and management, analyzing them one by one, and then lists detailed points of seven aspects. Finally, according to the above analysis, five suggestions of reducing p