强调句和感叹句.docVIP

豆芽菜 2014.1 高中英语语法——强调句和感叹句 第 第 PAGE 1 页 共 NUMPAGES 1 页 一、强调句型的用法 在英语中，我们常用It is/was… who/that结构来突出强调句子的某一成分(一般是句子中主语，宾语或状语)。在这个句型中，it没有词汇意义，只是引出被强调的成分。如果被强调的成分是表示人的词，用who或that来连接都可以。如果是其它成分，则一律用that来连接。 E.g. It is my mother who/that cooks every day. E.g. It was yesterday that Tom passed in the maths exam. 二、使用本句型的几个注意事项 1.被强调成分是主语，who/that之后的谓语动词应该在人称和数上与原句中的主语保持一致。 e.g. It is I who am right. e.g. It is he who is wrong. e.g. It is the students who are lovely. 2.即使被强调成分是句子中的时间状语，地点状语，原因状语等，也不能用when，where, because，要用 that. E.g. It was after the war was over that Einstein was able to come back to his research work again . E.g. It was in front of the bank that the old lady was robbed. E.g. It was because of the heavy rain that he came late. 3.如果被强调的成分有同位语，同位语也应提前。 It was from him，his chemistry teacher，that Paul learned to watch carefully in class. 4.被强调成分是作主语的代词，用主格，是作宾语的代词，用宾格 It was he that helped me yesterday. It was me that he helped yesterday. 5.被强调部分既包括人又包括物，用that不用who lt was the things and people that they remembered that they were talking about. 三、区分定语从句和强调句型某些定语从句和强调句型形式差不多，容易混淆。如果去掉it is/was ...that句子仍然通顺成立，则为强调句型，不成立不通顺，则为定语从句。 E.g. It was three years ago that he went to American for a further study去掉It was that句子为Three years ago he went to America for a further study.句子通顺，意思完整，那么，这就是一个强调句型。 感叹句 一找·二断·三辨·四确定：　 构成感叹句的感叹词有两个：what和how，其基本结构是： 1)What+名词+陈述肯定式： 2)How+形容词(或副词)+陈述肯定式 很多初学者常常对该用what还是该用how弄不清楚。如： ①____cold water this is! A.How B.What ②____cold it is! A.What B.How 如果我们采取“一找·二断·三辨·四确定”的方法很快就能确定该选哪个感叹词。“一找”即先找出句中的主语。“二断”就是在句中的名词(形容词、副词等)与代词(或名词)之间断开。例如上面第一句应在water与this中断开(因this是指示代词)，断开后辨别断线前面的词的词性，也就是所谓“三辨”，句①中断线前的词是water，而water是名词。第四步，就可迅速确定如果是名词就选what。所以第一例句就选B。用这个方法我们会对上面第二个例句作出如下判断：____cold|it is!断开线其前cold是形容词，故应填How。 上面两个例句是最基本最简单的填空题形式。但只要掌握这个方法，即使再复杂的填空题也会迎刃而解。不过还要注意，如果断开后，断线前的那个中心词是单数可数名词，千万别忘了在感叹词与名词间加冠词a(an)。例如： ____nice present it is! A.How B.What C.How D.What a 用上述方法，从present与it之间断开，断线前present是名词，且为