绝对精华+高三英语第一轮复习教案语法一（定语从句）.docVIP

定语从句 定义 定语从句起形容词的作用，在句中修饰一个名词或代词。被修饰的词叫做先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词，他的作用一是放在先行词与定语从句中间起了连接作用，二是在从句中担当一个成分，并与先行词保持数的一致。 关系词 先行词 从句 成分 例句 备注 关系代词 who 人 主语 Do you know the man who is talking with your mother? whom, which和that在从句中做宾语时，常可以省略，但介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略，也不可以用that whom 人 宾语 Mr. Smith is the person with whom I am working The boy (whom) she loved died in the war.. whose 人，物 定语 I like those books whose topics are about history. The boy whose father works abroad is my desk mate. that 人，物 主语 宾语 A plane is a machine that can fly. She is the pop star (that) I want to see very much. which 物 主语 宾语 The book (which) I gave you was worth $10. The picture which was about the accident was terrible. as 人，物 主语 宾语 He is such a person as is respected by all of us. This is the same pen as I lost yesterday. as做宾语一般不省略 关系副词 when 时间 时间 状语 I will never forget the day when we met there. 可用on which where 地点 地点 状语 This is the house where I was born. 可用in which why 原因 原因 状语 I can’t imagine the reason why he turned down my offer. 可用for which 关系副词与关系代词的区别。 先行词是表示时间、地点、原因的名词，引导定语从句是用关系副词还是用关系代词，关键在于关系词在从句中充当的成分。如果充当状语，就用关系副词引导定语从句；如果充当主语或宾语，则用关系代词。 This is the school where Mr. Cheng works. This is the school that Mr. Cheng set up ten years ago. I will never forget the day when I joined the Party. I will never forget the day that I spent with Mr. Isaak. That was the reason that he gave me yesterday. That was the reason why he gave me a note yesterday. 一、定语从句基本含义 1、功能：相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语 2、位置：定语从句置于被修饰词之后 Those who are willing to attend the party, sign here please. 3、先行词：被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词 （1）先行词一般是名词和不定代词，如:some-, any-, every-和no与-boy, -thing的合成词；或all、none、any、some、that、those等代词。数词也可以作先行词，人称代词也同样可作先行词。 （2）先行词与关系词是等量关系。必须注意两点： ①先行词在从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的数由先行词而定。 This is the place which is worth visiting. ②关系词在从句句子中充当了成分，其意思就是先行词的意义，所以在从句中不能重复其意。 There are many places we can visit（them）in China. 4、关系词：引导定语从句的都称关系词 关系代词：who, whom, which, that, whose, as。 关系副词：when, where, why。that偶尔也作关系副词。 5、确定关系词的步骤 （1）先找关