心脏超声-讲座.pptx

; Contents ;Preface;Echocardiography in China;Basic principles of echocardiography;Doppler effect 多普勒效应;Doppler effect 多普勒效应;;Primary methods of echocardiography;Two dimensional echocardiography,;The basic views of two dimensional echocardiography ;12;;M-mode echocardiography;;Doppler echocardiography;彩色多普勒血流显像(CDFI);Doppler echocardiography;; Doppler echocardiography ;Transesophageal echocardiography,TEE;TEE;Heart Function Evaluation;;;;Diagnoses of heart diseases by Echocardiography;;Echocardiographic findings;;;Ventricular septal defect (VSD);2DE：室间隔回声中断; 左心增大,左室为主 CDFI：心室水平收缩期左→右红色过隔分流 CW：收缩期正向高速分流频谱;介入手术后即刻评估无残余分流、无主动脉瓣反流;;2DE：降主动脉与左肺动脉根部之间有一异常管道 相通；左心增大、肺动脉增宽 CDFI：主肺动脉内连续性左向右红色分流束 CW：主肺动脉内连续性左向右分流频谱;;;PS;Tetralogy of fallot (TOF);Echocardiographic findings;;43;Valvular heart disease;Clinical value;超声表现 2DE：二尖瓣增厚，瓣交界粘连，开放受限，解剖面积减 小；左房增大 M型：二尖瓣前叶曲线“ 城垛样”改变 CDFI：二尖瓣口血流束变窄，色彩明亮呈五彩镶嵌状;;MS（3DE）;;频谱多普勒评价二尖瓣狭窄严重程度;MS with 左心房血栓;2014/4/28;;Aortic valve stenosis,AS;;风湿性心脏病AS;;;59;60;男， 53岁 人工瓣置换术后9年，瓣周漏;Intraoperative TEE;左房占位;右房内巨大占位堵塞三尖瓣口;Infective endocarditis,IE;;Aortic Disease;Aortic dissection;M,40yrs;Pericardial effusion;;Constrictive Pericarditis;Hypertension;Coronary artery diseases;;心尖部室壁瘤;;;Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy, HCM;;;Dilated Cardiomyopathy,DCM;;Pulmonary hypertension,PAH;;;;differential diagnosis of acute chest pain 急性胸痛 aortic dissection 主动脉夹层 myocardial infarction 心肌梗死 pulmonary embolism 肺栓塞 cardiac tamponade 心包压（填）塞 dysfunction of prosthetic valve 人工瓣膜功能障碍 heart failure 心力衰竭 hypoxemia 低氧血症;;;;;慢性肝病史，肺功能严重受损，肝肺综合征 右心超声造影提示肺内动静脉交通;及时了解心脏结构有无异常，明确诊断 动态评估术后心脏功能变化 诊断术后早期并发症 心包填塞 人工瓣膜功能障碍 残余漏 低血压;95;近年来，心脏病尤其先天性心脏病的外科治疗发生了明显 的改变 外科对诊断和手术疗效的评价提出了更高的要求 Echo在心脏外科术前、术中、术后都显得更加重要 外科医生不仅看报告，也要看图像 超声医生不仅做检查，也要参与手术方案的制定;;;99;;;Minimally invasive VSD occlusion guiding by TEE;M, 56yrs Myocardial infarction with ventricular septal rupture;Intraoperative monitoring;Five days post-operation follow-up;;F,29yrs Po-MVR 2yrs;