现在完成时持续性用法.pptVIP

Module 4 Unit 1 现在完成时的持续性用法 要表达某一行为或或状态从过去某时间一直持续到现在，我们也可以借助现在完成时。例如： I have been like this since Friday. 从周五开始我一直这样 I have not done much exercise since I got my computer last year. 自从去年有了电脑，我就没怎么锻炼了。 I have had the dog for three months now. 这条狗我已经养了三个月了。 We have played football for a year now. 我们已经踢了一年的足球了。 Make a sentence. 在表示行为或状态从过去一直持续到现在时，通常要与表示一段时间的时间状语连用，这类状语通常由for 或since引导。但需要注意的事，for后接一段时间，如for a long time, for five years等；而since后多接时间点，如since August 2003, since yesterday, since two o’clock等。 在对现在完成时的时间状语进行提问时，我们常用how long。例如： How long have you played football?你踢足球多长时间了？ How long have you been like this?你这个样子有多久了？ How long have you had the dog?这条狗你养了多久了？ Exercise 1.?My?brother?has?been?a?tour?guide?for?two?years.?(就划线部分提问)? _______________________________?your?brother?been?a?tour?guide?? 2.—______ you ___ your homework yet ? —Yes . I _____ it a moment ago . Ａ. Did ; do ; finished Ｂ. Have ; done ; finished Ｃ. Have ; done ; have finished Ｄ. will ; do ; finish 注意，在表示某一行为或状态持续多长时间时，根据终止时间的不同，需要使用不同的状态。例如： I stayed in the hotel for a week last summer.去年夏天我在这家酒店住了一周。 I have stayed in the hotel for a week now.迄今我已在这家酒店住了一周。 I will stay in the hotel for a week next month.下个月我要在这家酒店住一周的时间。 同样表示“在某一酒店住一周”的概念，第一句讲述的是去年夏天的事情，故用一般过去时；第二句表示到现在为止已经住了一周，故用现在完成时；第三句讲述的是下个月的事情，故用一般将来时。 注意，在现在完成时的句子中，表示持续的动作或状态时，动词通常与表示时间段的时间状语连用；而表示动作已经完成时，动词不能与表示时间段的时间状语连用。试比较： Tom has been here for two hours. 汤姆已经来了两小时了。 Tom has just come. 汤姆刚到。 除表示经历，持续至今的行为或状态外，现在完成时还表示到目前为止量的累积。例如： I have learnt twenty English songs.我已经学会了20首英文歌曲。 I have collected 300 stamps. 我已经收集了300枚邮票。 * 用for和since填空 They have been learning Chinese _____ they came to China. 2. I haven’t seen her _____ a long time. 3. He has been living here _____ 2007. 4. She has been doing her homework ____ two hours. 5. It’s 5 years _____ we left school. 6. – How long has Mary been a teacher? – _____ two years ago. since for since for since Since