直接引语和间接引语表格对照.docxVIP

直接引语和间接引语相关表格 一、直接引语和间接引语的概念 类别 直接引语 间接引语 比较 定义 直接引用别人的原话 用自己的话转述别人的话 不同点 直接引语前后要加引号 间接引语不用引号 相同点 直接引语和间接引语都是宾语从句（由祈使句转化而来的间接引语除外） 例句 Tom said, “I’m afraid that I can ’tfinish the Mary told me that she would leave for London the work. ” next morning. 二、直接引语变间接引语的时态规律 直接引语变间接引语的时态变化 种类 直接引语→ 条件 间接引语 间接引语谓 一般现在时→ 语变化 一般过去时 ( 主 句 中 谓 现在进行时→ 语动词的时 过去进行时 态 是 过 去 现在完成时→ 时 ) 过去完成时 一般过去时→ 过去完成时 过去完成时→ 过去完成时 一般将来时→ 过去将来时 must→ had to/must can/may→ could/might shall/will → should/would  例句 He insisted, “I’m the happiest father all over the world. ” → He insisted that he was the happiest father all over the world. John explained, “I’m operating the washing machine now. ”→ John explained that he was operating the washing machine then. The woman exclaimed, “I has lost control of my son. ”→ The woman exclaimed that she had lost control of her son. Old Ben said, “I experienced the well-known civil war. ”→ Old Ben said that he had experienced the well-known civil war. Carla answered, “I had passed the driving test last year ”. → Carla answered that she had passed the driving test the year before. Little Tony promised, “I’ll finish my homework on time. ”→ Little Tony promised that he would finish his homework on time. The boss shouted, “All of you must leave here at once.” → The boss shouted that all of them had to/must leave here at once. Joy whispered, “I may not obey your direction at this time. ” → Joy whispered that she might not obey my direction at that time. The teacher required, “You shall depend on yourself on the way to success.”→ The teacher required that we should depend on myself on the way to success. - 1 - 直接引语变间接引语的时态不变 条件 a. 直接引语的性质 种类 间接引 表示客观、 永恒的真理、 规律 语谓语 或格言时 不变 表示习惯性、 反复性的动作或 状态时 表示谈话时动作仍然在继续 时 表示过去完成时态的概念时 表示明确的过去时间概念时 表示含有 when, while, since 等从句时  例句 The teacher said, “Everything has two sides just like a coin. ”→ The teacher said that everything has two sides just like a coin. “My father always has a cup of milk after supper, ”said Ann. →