射频识别高增益标签天线的研究-电磁场与微波技术专业论文.docxVIP

万方数据 万方数据 摘 要 射频识别（Radio Frequency Identification，RFID）技术是一种非接触式的自 动识别技术。由于 RFID 具有使用寿命长、数据容量大、环境适应力强、能实现远 距离无线通信和高速下识别等突出特点，已被誉为 21 世纪十大重要技术之一。随 着应用需求的提高和应用领域的扩展，标签天线的高性能、宽频带、低成本、小 型化的实现已成为研究人员设计的目标。 本文从 RFID 系统入手， 对高增益 RFID 标签天线进行了研究和设计。分别 采用寄生加载和缝隙天线技术提高天线增益，利用弯折技术和 Hilbert 分形技术对 天线进行小型化设计，其中对弯折天线、Hilbert 天线、寄生单元天线、缝隙天线 以及折合振子天线进行设计、仿真，并对各天线进行了优化。设计出多款结构新 颖的标签天线。 通过比较，选折平面折合振子偶极子天线，利用加宽振子等效直径展宽频带 宽度。为了使用方便，对折合偶极子天线进行了柱面共形，对此柱面共形天线进 行了仿真优化，优化结果表明：天线能在与其他标签天线同等尺寸条件下，将标 签天线增益提高 50%左右，达到 5.6dB，效果显著。制作实物测试，测试结果与仿 真结果吻合较好，可用于远距离的识别系统中。 关键词：射频识别；标签天线；反射调制；柱面共形 -I- Abst Abstract Abstract Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is one of automatic identification technology. Bearing features of great capacity, long tern of service life, non-contact data reading and writing, high speed moving object recognition and multi-target recognition, RFID is regarded as one of the ten major technologies in the 21st century. With the increase in the application of demand and the expansion of application field, the small size，low cost，wide-bandwidth and high efficiency tag antenna has become the goal of researcher in future. This paper starts with the introduction of RFID system. The RFID high gain tag antenna is researched and designed. The gain is increased by using the parasitical element loading technology and the slot antenna technology. The antenna is miniature by using the bent loading technology and the Hilbert fractal technology. Then, bent antenna, Hilbert antenna, parasitical element antenna and vee dipole antenna are designed, simulated and optimized. Kinds of tag antennas have novel structure. By comparison, the vee dipole antenna is selected, using the equivalent diameter of widening the bandwidth. For convenience, the vee dipole antenna is cylindrical conformal-shaped. The cylindrical conformal-shaped antenna is simulated and optimized. The optimization results show that the gain increases 50% to 5.6dB, which has a significant effect under the same size with other antenna.