西安医学院第一附属医院血液系统疾病课件 淋巴瘤.pptVIP

The lymphomas are a heterogenous group of clonal (neoplastic) diseases that share the single characteristic of arising as the result of a somatic mutation(s) in a lymphocyte progenitor. The progeny of the affected cell usually carry the phenotype of a B, T, or NK cell as judged by immunophenotyping or gene rearrangement studies. Any site of the lymphatic system may be the primary site of origin of the disorder including lymph nodes, gut-associated lymphatic tissue, skin, or spleen. Any organ, e.g., thyroid, lung, bone, brain, gonads, etc. may be involved either by spread from lymphatic sites or as a manifestation of primary extranodal disease. The classification of the subtypes of disease has been difficult but newer systems couple immunologic phenotype with histopathologic and cytologic features to arrive at definition of subtypes. By historical convention, lymphocytic malignancies originating in the marrow are referred to as lymphocytic leukemia, whereas those originating in any other lymphoid site are referred to as lymphoma. In the former case, lymphoid sites may be involved and in the latter case the marrow may be involved. Diagnosis is usually made by histological examination of a biopsy specimen, supplemented by immunophenotyping and molecular analysis for clonal origin. Patients are often put through staging procedures that may involve imaging studies, other biopsies, and blood chemical studies. Treatment depends on the type of lymphoma and the distribution of clinically evident disease. Combinations of drugs are often required. Radiotherapy may be useful for localized disease. summary The lymphomas are a heterogenous group of clonal (neoplastic) diseases that share the single characteristic of arising as the result of a somatic mutation(s) in a lymphocyte progenitor. The progeny of the affected cell usually carry the phenotype of a B, T, or NK cell as judged by immunophenotyping or gene rearrangement studies. Any site of the lymphatic system may be the pr