四级辅导-虚拟语气.ppt

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虚拟语气(if 条件句) 含义:其假设是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的;主从句皆须用虚拟 If the working conditions are not too bad, I will accept the job. If the working conditions were not too bad, I would accept the job. 虚拟语气(if 条件句)的谓语动词形式 2.条件从句中连词 if 的省略---虚拟条件句的倒装形式 were / had / should / could 提前 + 从句主语 If you were in my position, you would do the same. = Were you in my position, you would do the same. If I had time tomorrow , I would come. = Had I time tomorrow, I would come. If he should do that again, we would give him the sack. = Should he do that again, we would give him the sack. 经常表示这种含蓄条件的有: otherwise或or(否则,不然的话); with(如果有了)或without(要是没有); but for...(要不是,倘若没有); 介词短语,如in the past(要是在以往),in sb’s position(如果处在某人的位置上),under...(要是在……情况下);would rather...(宁愿,更情愿)等等都可以表示隐含虚拟条件。 虚拟语气在特殊句型中的应用 宾语从句 表示愿望的:desire, prefer(宁肯) 表示建议的:advise, move(提议),propose, suggest, recommend 表示要求、请求的:ask, beg, insist, maintain, oblige, request, require, urge(强烈要求,极力主张) 表示命令的:command, decree, dictate, direct, order, stipulate 表示决定的:decide, determine, resolve 其它:arrange, deserve, intend(意欲),motion(示意),promise等。 主语从句 同位语从句 表语从句 6. would rather, would sooner, would just as soon, might as well 和would prefer 等后面所跟的从句中,也可用虚拟语气,表示愿望,意为“宁愿”、“但愿”。其形式为: ① “would rather ( would sooner … )+主语+谓语动词过去时”表示现在或将来的情况。 ② “would rather ( would sooner … )+主语+过去完成时”表示过去的情况。 1. Wouldnt you rather your child _____ to bed early? A. go B. would go C. went D. goes 2. Id rather you _____ make any comment on the issue for the time being. A. dont B. didnt C. wouldnt D. shouldnt 此外,应注意以下区别: (1)“It’s time(+for+宾语)+动词不定式”这一结构的意思是“时间刚好该做……”,是陈述语气,表一种“事实”,如It’s time to start work.该开始工作了。 而“It’s time(+that)+主语+动词的过去式”有“已经晚了,早应该做……”的含义,是虚拟语气,表主观设想,如It’s time we started work.我们早该开始工作了。 (2)在It’s the first(second, third, etc)time 后面所接的that 从句中,谓语动词应用完成体,来表示一种经历。两种结构不要相混。 ? 4)Jack wishes that he business instead of history when he was in university.(2001年6月,CET-4) [A]studied [B] st

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