四级辅导-虚拟语气.ppt

虚拟语气(if 条件句) 含义：其假设是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的；主从句皆须用虚拟 If the working conditions are not too bad, I will accept the job. If the working conditions were not too bad, I would accept the job. 虚拟语气(if 条件句)的谓语动词形式 2.条件从句中连词 if 的省略---虚拟条件句的倒装形式 were / had / should / could 提前 + 从句主语 If you were in my position, you would do the same. = Were you in my position, you would do the same. If I had time tomorrow , I would come. = Had I time tomorrow, I would come. If he should do that again, we would give him the sack. = Should he do that again, we would give him the sack. 经常表示这种含蓄条件的有： otherwise或or（否则，不然的话）； with（如果有了）或without（要是没有）； but for...（要不是，倘若没有）； 介词短语，如in the past(要是在以往)，in sb’s position(如果处在某人的位置上)，under...（要是在……情况下）；would rather...（宁愿，更情愿）等等都可以表示隐含虚拟条件。 虚拟语气在特殊句型中的应用 宾语从句 表示愿望的：desire, prefer（宁肯） 表示建议的：advise, move（提议），propose, suggest, recommend 表示要求、请求的：ask, beg, insist, maintain, oblige, request, require, urge（强烈要求，极力主张） 表示命令的：command, decree, dictate, direct, order, stipulate 表示决定的：decide, determine, resolve 其它：arrange, deserve, intend(意欲)，motion（示意），promise等。 主语从句 同位语从句 表语从句 6. would rather, would sooner, would just as soon, might as well 和would prefer 等后面所跟的从句中，也可用虚拟语气，表示愿望，意为“宁愿”、“但愿”。其形式为： ① “would rather ( would sooner … ）＋主语＋谓语动词过去时”表示现在或将来的情况。② “would rather ( would sooner … )＋主语＋过去完成时”表示过去的情况。 1. Wouldnt you rather your child _____ to bed early?A. goB. would goC. wentD. goes 2. Id rather you _____ make any comment on the issue for the time being.A. dontB. didntC. wouldntD. shouldnt 此外，应注意以下区别： （1）“It’s time(+for+宾语)+动词不定式”这一结构的意思是“时间刚好该做……”，是陈述语气，表一种“事实”，如It’s time to start work.该开始工作了。 而“It’s time(+that)+主语+动词的过去式”有“已经晚了，早应该做……”的含义，是虚拟语气，表主观设想，如It’s time we started work.我们早该开始工作了。 （2）在It’s the first(second, third, etc)time 后面所接的that 从句中，谓语动词应用完成体，来表示一种经历。两种结构不要相混。 ? 4）Jack wishes that he business instead of history when he was in university.（2001年6月，CET-4） [A]studied [B] st