词汇学重点整理.pdf

2 morphology is the study of the forms of words and their compo nents. In morphology, morpheme is a basic concept. Morphemes are considered as the smallest meaningful units which may cons titute words or parts of words. Semantics is often defined as the study of meaning. Semantics is usually approached from one of two perspectives: philosophical or linguistic. Etymology is the st udy of the whole history of words. First…second…third P2 Major features of words: 1 ) . a wo r d i s a s o u n d o r c o m b i n a t i o n o f s ou n d s wh i c h w e m a k e v o l u n t a r i l y wi t h our vocal equipment. 2). a word is symbolic and is used to stand for something else. 3). the word is an uninterruptible unit. 4). a word has to do with its social function. 5). a word may consist of one or more morphemes. 6). Words are part of the large communication system we call la nguage. 7). A word occurs typically in the structure of phrases. Lexical words: are nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs. Grammatical words are words like pronouns, prepositions, demonstrative, determine rs, conjunctions, auxiliary verbs, and so on. seven types of meaning: 背 conceptual meaning, connotative meaning, social meaning, affective meaning, reflected meaning, collocative meaning, thematic meaning. conceptual meaning, which is sometimes called denotative or cogn itive meaning, refers to meanings as presented in a dictionary. c on n ota t i v e m ean i n g i s t h e co m mu n i ca ti v e va lu e o f an exp r es si on b y v i rt u e of w h a t