电动车空调系统性能分析与实验研究-动力工程专业论文.docxVIP

万方数据 万方数据 5 5 5 √ 2014 2 13 摘要 摘要 电动车空调系统性能分析与实验研究 摘 要 以燃料电池为动力源的电动车，能源利用率高，清洁无污染，是 未来汽车的发展方向。但是，该种电动车有 62%的热量需通过汽车前 舱的散热器散发。空调系统是电动车不可缺少的组成部分，并且采用 电动压缩机作为动力源。由于燃料电池电动车的前舱空间有限，空调 系统的冷凝器与燃料电池散热器和动力控制模块散热器集成为一个冷 却模块。因此空调系统性能的优劣不仅影响驾乘的舒适性，也影响汽 车前舱的散热性能。本文针对电动车空调系统进行了如下研究工作： 首先，建立车身热负荷计算模型，并结合本课题实际车身参数计 算燃料电池汽车热负荷，从而求得夏季工况空调系统的设计制冷量。 然后，建立空调系统各部件的理论计算模型，分析空调系统的变 工况运行性能。建立 R134a 制冷剂的物性显示快速计算模型；根据压 缩机性能试验数据拟合压缩机性能计算关联式；建立平行流冷凝器和 平行流蒸发器的稳态分布参数模型及节流元件的计算模型。分析不同 环境温度、迎面风速及不同压缩机转速下空调系统的性能变化。 最后，重点对空调系统的平行流冷凝器进行实验研究，验证所建 立空调系统仿真模型的正确性和准确性。分析了进风速度，进风温度 及制冷剂流量等工况因素对平行流冷凝器性能的影响；研究了孔数， 开孔高宽比，扁管流程数及各流程管数分配等结构参数对平行流冷凝 器散热性能的影响。 关键词：电动车空调系统，平行流冷凝器，性能分析，实验研究 I A ABSTRACT PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF ELECTRIC VEHICLE AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM ABSTRACT With the advantages of high efficiency and pollution-free, fuel cell vehicle is an ideal future vehicles development direction. However, nearly 62% of its heat should be distributed by front cabin radiators. As the space of front cabin is limited, the condenser of air conditioning system, the fuel cell system radiator and the power control unit radiator are integrated as a cooling module. The performance of air conditioning not only affects the passenger comfort, but also affects the heat dissipation performance of front cabin. The thesis mainly focuses on the following contents: In the first place, the heat load calculation model of fuel cell vehicle was set up, thus the refrigerating capacity in summer operating condition was obtained. Secondly, established theoretical models of components in electric vehicle air-conditioning system, including R134a rapid calculation model, scroll compressor performance correlations which are based on the compressor experimental research, the steady-state distributed parameter models of parallel flow evaporator and condenser and the expansion valve simulation model. Analyzed the impact of environmental temperature, inlet air velocity and compressor speed on air conditioning system perfor